Implementing health protocols and preventive measures are the only effective ways to suppress COVID-19 transmission before vaccines and antiviral drugs are developed. The implementation of health protocols and preventive measures are influenced by one’s knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) toward this pandemic. Medical students as candidates for healthcare workers and role models for the community should have a good KAP. This study intends 1) to explore the KAP of medical students in Indonesia toward COVID-19 and 2) to assess which demographic factors have a significant effect on their KAP scores. An online questionnaire consisting of 18 items of knowledge, six items of attitudes, and 12 items of practices were used as instruments in this study. After being distributed for two weeks in June 2020, 525 respondents whose data were worth analyzing were obtained. The respondents consisted of male and female students, from diploma to bachelor degree, and came from all four types of higher education institutions in Indonesia. The results, 48% of respondents had good knowledge, 81% had good attitudes, and 43.5% had good practices toward COVID-19. The location of students’ residence has no significant effect on their KAP score. Gender has a significant effect on knowledge and practice scores. Age, institution type, and institution status have a significant effect on their three KAP domains. The KAP survey results can be used as a reflection of the importance of the curriculum that prepares medical students for the pandemic. Medical students are also expected to be able to actively participate in educating people around them on how to minimize the transmission of COVID-19 during the pandemic.

Introduction: Antioxidants derived from herbal plants can reduce malondialdehyde (MDA) and increase monocytes in experimental animals. The administration of manisrejo leaf extract is expected to reduce MDA and increase monocytes. Manisrejo leaves, which are still closely related to berries (Vaccinium sp), have been widely studied as natural antioxidants. This study aimed to elucidate the potential bioactive of manisrejo leaf extract against MDA and monocytes in rabbits. Methods: This study applied the posttest-only control group design. The object of the study was 20 male broiler rabbits aged 2 months treated with manisrejo leaf extract. During the 28 days, the objects were divided into 5 groups; P0 was given normal feed, P1 normal feed plus manisrejo leaf extract as much as 2.5 g/kg BW, P2 normal feed plus manisrejo leaf extract as much as 5 g/ kg BW, P3 normal feed plus manisrejo leaf extract as much as 10 g/kg BW, and P4 normal feed plus manisrejo extract as much as 20 g/kg BW. Results: The data were processed using SPSS using OneWay ANOVA and Kruskal-Wallis tests. The results showed albumin levels (p=0.899), AST (Aspartate transaminase) levels (p=0.198), ALT (Alanine Aminotransferase) levels (p=0.216), cholesterol levels (p=0.995), monocyte levels (p=0.014), lymphocyte levels (p= 0.903), leukocyte levels (p=0.934), neutrophil segment levels (p=0.210), MDA levels (p=0.001), and CD44 levels (p=0.894). Conclusion: Manisrejo leaf extract may contain some potential bioactives that affect downregulating MDA levels and upregulating monocytes in rabbits.

Methods for Selection of Prioritized Elements in Quality Management of Health Services -------- -------- (invited by editor)