Over the past several decades, the management of forest ecosystem functions through policies such as "command and control" has not been successful, largely because existing policies and legislation for natural resource management are inadequate and often formulated without consulting local communities such as farmers. However, farmers' decisions to participate in natural resource conservation or watershed conservation more particularly are generally influenced by their knowledge of the problems and perceived benefits of conservation. This study focuses on farmers' perceptions and attitudes toward forest watershed conservation in the North West Selangor Peat Swamp forest of Malaysia. A survey questionnaire was administered to 380 paddy farmers at the North West Selangor irrigation scheme. Dates were analyzed using exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and the theory of value and social psychology constructs. The study concludes that farmers have generally positive attitudes toward forest watershed conservation. Therefore, we recommend farmers' involvement in the conservation and management of the North Selangor Peat Swamp Forest (NSPSF).

Realising the objective of payment for ecological services (PES) Contribution/ OriginalityThis study contributes to the existing literature by using the choice experiment approach to analyze willingness to pay for forest watershed conservation. It is also one of very few studies which have investigated Households' Preferences and Willingness to Pay for Watershed Services attributes in the forest reserve.

Social capital creation is necessary in any development; as such the research work was designed to explore the role of social capital and career success in learning geography education among students of tertiary institutions in Katsina state, Nigeria. Objective of the research was designed to determine the relationship between social capital and career success in learning geography education, to describe the level of social capital and career success in learning geography education. The study use simple random sampling in selecting the potential respondents. Pearson correlation analysis was used to determine the relationship between social capital and career success, descriptive statistics was also employed to describe the levels of social capital in relation to career success in learning geography and lastly cross tabulation was also used. Results of the findings shown that, there is significant positive relationship between social capital and career success in learning geography education (r= .416, p= .000). Results from descriptive statistics indicated that, majority of the respondents were in high level of social capital creation. Meanwhile, cross tabulation results shown that, majority achieved high in social capital and career success in learning geography education among students of tertiary institutions in Katsina state, Nigeria.(