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Objective In addition to being a medical phenomenon, pandemics affect the individual and society on several levels and lead to disruptions. In the pandemic process, different groups in the population, including pregnant women as a defenseless group, are subjected to psychological threat. The present study aimed to determine the levels of anxiety and depression and related factors in pregnant women during the the coronavirus disease 2019 (Covid-19) pandemic. Methods The present cross-sectional study was conducted with 269 pregnant women through face-to-face interviews held in Istanbul, Turkey. Regarding the data collection tools, the Cronbach α reliability coefficient was of 0.90 for the Beck Anxiety Inventory, and of 0.85 for the Beck Depression Inventory. Results Among the participating pregnant women, 30.5% had mild, 17.5% had moderate, and 5.9% had severe anxiety symptoms, whereas 35.3% had mild, 16.7% had moderate, and 2.2% had severe depression symptoms. We found that those who were concerned about their health had 5.36 times (p = 0.04) more risk of developing anxiety, and 4.82 times (p = 0.01) more risk of developing depression than those who were not concerned. Those who had a history of psychiatric disease had 3.92 times (p = 0.02) more risk of developing anxiety than those without it. Conclusion We determined that about half of the pregnant women included in the study had some degree of anxiety and depression during the COVID-19 pandemic. The risk factors for anxiety and depression among the pregnant women were determined as smoking, concerns about health and getting infected with the coronavirus, history of psychiatric disease, and undergoing regular antenatal care.

Objective:To measure the efficiency of transobturator tape (TOT) surgery using urodynamics and questionnaires in stress urinary incontinence.Materials and Methods:Ninety-two patients with stress and mixed urinary incontinency who underwent TOT surgery were selected for the study. We retrospectively examined the patients’ urodynamics, ultrasonography, demographic characteristics, incontinency surveys, life quality scores [incontinence impact questionnaire, (IQ-7) and urinary distress inventory (UDI-6)], diagnostic findings, Q-type test, surgical records, and complications. Patients treatment adherence, life quality scores, and urodynamics were evaluated as per the findings and complications following discharge of the patients between 12 and 36 months. Patients with a surgical history as the result of incontinence were excluded from the study.Results:Prior to surgery, 57 (61%, 95) patients had stress urinary incontinence (SUI), and 35 (38%, 05) patients had mixed urinary incontinence (MUI). During surgery, 45 (48%, 91) patients underwent extra pelvic surgical intervention. The mean follow-up time was 22.17±7.55 months. Our subjective success rate was 91%, 3 and the objective success rate was 78%, 3. In the life quality evaluation, a statistically significant improvement was found between IIQ-7 and UDI-6 scores. Parity over 4 was an important failure reason. Two (2%, 17) patients developed vaginal erosion, 2 (2%, 17) of the patients developed temporary urine retention, and 1 (1%, 08) patient developed nova urge incontinence.Conclusion:Our study demonstrates that TOT surgery provides high objective and subjective success and has a positive impact on life quality. The ease of application and lower complication rate makes TOT a valuable alternative for other treatment approaches in the surgical treatment of SUI.

Objective: To investigate the adaptation of pregnant women to the recommended weight gain range according to body mass index (BMI) and to determine the factors affecting them. Methods: This cross-sectional study was performed in a university hospital’s obstetrics and gynecology unit (tertiary center) in Turkey. This study was conducted between March 2018 and August 2018 (6 months) in pregnant women. Pregnant women with chronic disease and receiving treatment during antenatal follow-up, with twin pregnancy, with a fetus with a congenital abnormality, and nutritional disturbance were excluded from the study. Eight hundred twelve pregnant women with normal antenatal follow-up and who volunteered to participate were included in the study. Results: The mean age of the participants was 27.66±5.05 years. The mean weight and BMI before pregnancy were near standard in all participants. The group with the highest rate of recommended weight gain according to BMI before pregnancy was the group with low weight pregnant women. The ideal weight gain rate in all groups was 32%. Conclusions: The groups with overweight and obese pregnant women according to BMI before pregnancy had the highest rates of weight gain, above the recommended limits. BMI before pregnancy directly affects weight gain during pregnancy and the importance of pre-pregnancy counseling and weight loss is emphasized once again. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.35.5.133 How to cite this:Ozdilek R, Aba YA, Aksoy SD, Sik BA, Akpak YK. The relationship between body mass index before pregnancy and the amount of weight that should be gained during pregnancy: A cross-sectional study. Pak J Med Sci. 2019;35(5):---------.  doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.35.5.133 This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

Our study aims to investigate patients with adnexal masses without known pathologies in conjunction with their demographic data, patient history, length of hospitalization, complications, ratio of approaching patients laparoscopically or with laparotomy, and pathological findings. Patient data were collected retrospectively by browsing patient filed. Besides clinical information such as length of hospitalization, used surgical technique, whether there was a transition to laparotomy, whether there was a perioperative complication, and pathological examination results of the sample taken, data like the radiological size of the mass, number of previous operations, circumstances that lead to comorbidity, age, and state of menopause during surgery were collected. Among 110 patients, 48 (43.6%) were applied laparoscopy, while 56 (50.9) were applied laparotomy. The mean length of surgery was 107.4±53.8 minutes (40-181 mins.). Most seen surgery indications were persistent cyst seen in 55 patients (50%) and complex cyst seen in 16 patients (14.5%). In patients diagnosed with adnexal masses, distinguishing benign and malign masses by simultaneous usage of history, physical therapy, laboratory tests, and transvaginal ultrasonography, and deciding for laparoscopy and/or laparotomy based on this for treatment, is a highly reliable method. ÖzetÇalışmamız da patolojisi bilinmeyen adneksiyal kitlesi olan hastaların, sosyodemografik verileri, hasta özellikleri, hastanede yatış süreleri, komplikasyonları, hastalara laparoskopik veya laparotomi ile yaklaşım oranları, patolojik bulguları ile birlikte değerlendirilmesi amaçlanmıştır. Hasta bilgileri retrospektif olarak hasta dosyalarının taranması sonucu elde edilmiştir. Hastanede kalış süresi, perioperatif komplikasyon, kullanılan cerrahi teknik, laparotomiye geçiş olup olmadığı, alınan materyalin patolojik inceleme sonucu gibi klinik bilgilerin yanında radyolojik olarak kitlenin boyutu, daha önce geçirilmiş ameliyat sayısı, komorbidite oluşturan durumlar, cerrahi esnasında menopoz durumu ve yaş gibi bilgiler  değerlendirilmiştir. 110 hastanın 48 (%43,6) ine laparoskopi, 56 (%50,9) sına laparotomi yapılmıştır. Ameliyat süresi ortalaması 107,4±538 dakikadır  (40-181 dk.). En sık ameliyat endikasyonu, 55 hastada  (%50) saptanan persiste kist ve ikinci sıklıkta 16 hastada (%14,5) komplike kisttir. Adneksiyal kitle tanısı alan hastalarda, öykü, fizik muayene, laboratuvar tetkikleri, transvaginal ultrasonografi ile bir arada kullanılarak benign-malign ayırımının yapılması ve buna göre laparoskopi ve/veya laparotomi ile tedavisi oldukça yüksek güvenilirliğe sahiptir.