SummaryWe report the first cytogenetic comparison of four grouper genera from Thailand. Kidney cell samples were taken from the blueline hind (Cephalopholis formosa), humpback grouper (Cromileptes altivelis), orange-spotted grouper (Epinephelus coioides), and leopard coralgrouper (Plectropomus leopardus). The mitotic chromosome samples were prepared directly from the kidney cells. Conventional and Ag-NOR staining techniques were applied to stain the chromosomes. The results showed that diploid chromosome numbers of Ce. formosa, Cr. altivelis, E. coioides, and P. leopardus were 2n=48 for all species, and the fundamental numbers (NF) were 52, 52, 50, and 48, respectively. The presence of metacentric, submetacentric, acrocentric, and telocentric chromosomes were 2-0-2-44, 0-2-2-44, 0-0-2-46, and 0-0-0-48, respectively. After the Ag-NOR banding technique, one pair of nucleolar organizer regions (NORs) was observed on the short arm telomeric region of

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