Introduction: To evaluate the influence of previous experience as bedside assistants on patient selection, perioperative and pathological results in robot assisted laparoscopic radical prostatectomy. Materials and Methods: The first 50 cases of two robotic surgeons were reviewed retrospectively. Group 1 consisted of the first 50 cases of the surgeon with previous experience as a robotic bedside assistant between September 2016-July 2018, while Group 2 included the first 50 cases of the surgeon with no bedside assistant experience between February 2009-December 2009. Groups were examined in terms of demographics, prostate volume, presence of median lobe, prostate specific antigen (PSA), preoperative Gleason score, positive core number, clinical stage, console surgery time, estimated blood loss, postoperative Gleason score, pathological stage, positive surgical margin rate, postoperative complications, length of hospital stay and biochemical recurrence rate. Results: Previous abdominal surgery and the presence of median lobe hypertrophy rates were higher in Group 1 than in Group 2 (20% vs. 4%, p=0.014; 24% vs. 6%, p=0.012; respectively). In addition, patients in Group 1 were in a higher clinical stage than those in Group 2 (cT2: 70% vs. 28%, p=0.001). Median console surgery time and median length of hospital stay was significantly shorter in Group 1 than in Group 2 (170 min vs. 240 min, p=0.001; 3 vs. 4, p=0.022; respectively). Clavien grade 3 complication rate was higher in Group 2 but was statistically insignificant. Conclusion: Our findings might reflect that previous bedside assistant experience led to an increase in self-confidence and the ability to manage troubleshooting and made it more likely for surgeons to start with more difficult cases with more challenging patients. It is recommended that novice surgeons serve as bedside assistants before moving on to consoles.

SUMMARY INTRODUCTION In this retrospective study, we aimed to investigate the frequency of COVID-19 in patients with and without BCG application due to bladder tumors. METHODS The presence of COVID-19 was investigated in 167 patients with BCG and 167 without bladder cancer. All patients were compatible with COVID-19 infection. Patients with RT-PCR positive for SARS-CoV-2 and/or Chest CT positive for viral pneumonia between March and May 2020 were included in the study. RESULTS A total of 334 patients were included in the study. The mean age of the 167 patients in the study group was 71.1±14.2 1 (min. 38.0– max. 98.0 years), 141 (84.4%) were male. The mean age of the 167 patients in the control group was 70.5±13.8 years (min. 41.0– max. 96.0 years), and 149 were male (p> 0.05). COVID-19 was detected in 5 patients in the BCG group and in 4 patients in the control group (P> 0.05). CONCLUSION Intravesical BCG administration does not decrease the frequency of COVID-19 infection.

Background To compare the extract of Gilaburu (Viburnum opulus Linnaeus) and Tamsulosin as a medical expulsive therapy (MET) in patients with distal ureteral calculi of 10 mm or less. Methods Data of 86 patients were prospectively collected. The patients were divided into two groups. In the first group, Viburnum opulus 1000 mg peroral 3 × 2 and diclofenac 50 mg peroral on‐demand (n = 43), in the second group Tamsulosin 0.4 mg peroral 1 × 1 and diclofenac 50 mg peroral on‐demand (n = 43) was given for MET in patients with distal ureteral calculi. Stone expulsion rates, time until expulsion, additional analgesic requirement, need for emergency admission, need for additional treatment were evaluated. In addition, subgroup analyses of ≤5 and 5‐10 mm were also performed. Results There was no difference between the groups in terms of stone expulsion rates and time until the expulsion in all stones. Additional analgesic requirement and need for emergency admission were found to be lower in the Viburnum opulus group (37.2% vs 65.1%, P = .017 and 11.6% vs 34.8%, P = .02, respectively). In subgroup analyses, while stone expulsion rates were similar in subgroups, it was found shorter in the time until expulsion, lower additional analgesic requirement and need for emergency admission in V. opulus group than Tamsulosin group in 5‐10 mm stone size subgroup (7.1 ± 4.2 vs 11.8 ± 5.2, P = .005, 32.2% vs 77.7%, P = .001 and 12.9% vs 40.7%, respectively). Conclusion V. opulus can be used effectively and safely for the treatment of MET in distal ureteral calculi.

<b><i>Background:</i></b> Inflammation is one of the major risk factors for SN complications because the dense and fibrotic tissue leads to significant challenges to dissection. <b><i>Objectives:</i></b> We aimed to evaluate the predictive factors preoperatively, especially inflammation markers and radiologic findings, which can pose challenges to surgery in simple nephrectomy. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> We retrospectively evaluated the data of 156 patients who underwent simple open nephrectomy. There were 87 patients in group 1 (peroperative nonadherent perinephric fat) and 69 patients in group 2 (peroperative adherent perinephric fat). The preoperative computed tomography findings (renal volume, perinephric stranding, posterior perinephric fat thickness, lateral perinephric fat thickness, Hounsfield unit [HU] of perinephric fat, HU of subcutaneous fat, HU of renal parenchyma, HU of renal pelvis), side of the kidney affected, prior surgery at the same kidney, complication rates, and operative time were analyzed. Preoperative inflammation markers, neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio, systemic immune-inflammation index, monocyte-HDL ratio, and platelet-lymphocyte ratio levels were recorded. <b><i>Results:</i></b> Preoperative NLR and SII were statistically higher, and HDL was statistically lower in group 2; there was no difference in PLR and monocyte-HDL ratio between the 2 groups. According to the preoperative imaging, the perinephric stranding, HU of perinephric fat, and HU of renal parenchyma were higher in group 2, 54 (78.3), −36.93 (−91.46, −21.69), and 38.60 (32.11, 41.94), respectively. DM, history of nonsterile urine culture, HU of perinephric fat &#x3e;61.78, and SII &#x3e;689.36 were the factors that could be identified as independent significant predictors of presence of adherent perinephric fat. <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> The radiological findings and inflammation markers can be used as the predictive factor for peroperative adherent perinephric tissue and surgical difficulties.

Gereç ve Yöntem Ocak 2015 ile Ocak 2018 tarihleri arasında kliniğimizde laparoskopik ürolojik cerrahi uygulanan hastaların sonuçları retrospektif olarak değerlendirildi. Bulgular Kliniğimizde laparoskopik cerrahi yapılan 88 hastanın 50' si (%56,8) erkek, 38' i (%43,2) kadındı. Hastaların ortalama yaşı 56 ± 14 (17-86) yıl idi. Otuz altı hastaya radikal nefrektomi, 26 hastaya basit nefrektomi, 3 hastaya parsiyel nefrektomi, 9 hastaya nefroüreterektomi, 2 hastaya dismembered piyeloplasti, 4 hastaya adrenalektomi, 7 hastaya üreterolitotomi, 1 hastaya ise orşiektomi uygulandı. Ortalama operasyon süresi sırasıyla 130±20,