Integrable systems are usually given in terms of functions of continuous variables (on R), in terms of functions of discrete variables (on Z), and recently in terms of functions of q-variables (on K q ). We formulate the Gel'fand-Dikii (GD) formalism on time scales by using the delta differentiation operator and find more general integrable nonlinear evolutionary equations. In particular they yield integrable equations over integers (difference equations) and over q-numbers (qdifference equations). We formulate the GD formalism also in terms of shift operators for all regular-discrete time scales. We give a method allowing to construct the recursion operators for integrable systems on time scales. Finally, we give a trace formula on time scales and then construct infinitely many conserved quantities (Casimirs) of the integrable systems on time scales.

A general unifying framework for integrable soliton-like systems on time scales is introduced. The R-matrix formalism is applied to the algebra of δdifferential operators in terms of which one can construct an infinite hierarchy of commuting vector fields. The theory is illustrated by two infinite-field integrable hierarchies on time scales which are-differential counterparts of KP and mKP. The difference counterparts of AKNS and Kaup-Broer soliton systems are constructed as related finite-field restrictions.

Cataloged from PDF version of article.A general framework for integrable discrete systems on ℝ, in particular, containing lattice soliton systems and their q-deformed analogs, is presented. The concept of regular grain structures on R, generated by discrete one-parameter groups of diffeomorphisms, in terms of which one can define algebra of shift operators is introduced. Two integrable hierarchies of discrete chains together with bi-Hamiltonian structures and their continuous limits are constructed. The inverse problem based on the deformation quantization scheme is considered. © 2008 American Institute of Physics

A construction of the bi-Hamiltonian structures for integrable systems on regular time scales is presented. The trace functional on an algebra of δ-pseudo-differential operators, valid on an arbitrary regular time scale, is introduced. The linear Poisson tensors and the related Hamiltonians are derived. The quadratic Poisson tensors is given by the use of the recursion operators of the Lax hierarchies. The theory is illustrated by ∆-differential counterparts of Ablowitz-Kaup-Newell-Segur and Kaup-Broer hierarchies.

This article aims to present (q, h)-analogue of exponential function which unifies, extends hand q-exponential functions in a convenient and efficient form. For this purpose, we introduce generalized quantum binomial which serves as an analogue of an ordinary polynomial. We state (q, h)-analogue of Taylor series and introduce generalized quantum exponential function which is determined by Taylor series in generalized quantum binomial. Furthermore, we prove existence and uniqueness theorem for a first order, linear, homogeneous IVP whose solution produces an infinite product form for generalized quantum exponential function. We conclude that both representations of generalized quantum exponential function are equivalent. We illustrate our results by ordinary and partial difference equations. Finally, we present a generic dynamic wave equation which admits generalized trigonometric, hyperbolic type of solutions and produces various kinds of partial differential/difference equations.