Introduction This study aimed to investigate the influence of obesity on pregnancy complications and neonatal outcomes in diabetic and nondiabetic women. Materials and Methods This retrospective case control study was conducted on 1193 pregnant women and their neonates at a tertiary level maternity hospital between March 2007 and 2011. The pregnant women were classified into 2 groups according to the presence of diabetes mellitus. Six hundred and seven patients with gestational diabetes or pregestational diabetes formed the diabetic group (study group) and 586 patients were in the nondiabetic group (control group). Demographic characteristics, body mass index, gestational weight gain, obstetric history, smoking status, type of delivery, gestational ages, pregnancy complications, neonatal outcomes were recorded for each patient. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was performed to evaluate the effect of obesity and diabetes on the pregnancy complications and neonatal outcomes. Results The mean age and pre-pregnancy body mass indices of women with diabetes mellitus were significantly higher than the control groupʼs (p < 0.001). Gestational weight gain and number of smokers were similar among the groups. Multiparity and obesity were more prevalent in the diabetic group compared to controls (both p < 0.001). Although gestational age at birth was earlier in the diabetic group, birth weights were higher in this group than in the control group (both p < 0.001). Cesarean delivery rates, the incidence of macrosomia, and neonatal intensive care unit admission rates were significantly higher in the diabetes group both with normal and increased body mass index (all p < 0.001). However, adverse pregnancy outcomes were comparable between the groups (p = 0.279). Multivariable logistic regression analysis showed that obesity is a significant risk factor for pregnancy complications (OR = 1.772 [95% CI, 1.283 – 2.449], p = 0.001) but not for adverse neonatal outcomes (OR = 1.068 [95% CI, 0.683 – 1.669], p = 0.773). Conclusion While obesity increases risk of developing a pregnancy complication, diabetes worsens neonatal outcomes.

Objectives: Multiple pregnancies are known to be associated with adverse maternal and perinatal complications. However, data regarding the outcomes of spontaneously reduced twin pregnancies are limited. In the current study we aimed to evaluate the consequences of the vanishing twin syndrome (VTS) in dichorionic diamniotic twin pregnancies for both mother and baby in our perinatal center. Material and methods:A total of 711 pregnancies were included into the study. 51 cases of vanishing twin syndrome constituted Group 1, 235 cases of normal twins constituted Group 2, and 425 singleton pregnancies formed Group 3. The pregnancies that had multifetal reduction and monochorionic twinning were excluded from both study group and twin control group. The collected data were as follows: age, gravidity, parity, gestational week at birth, delivery route, birth weight, obstetric complications, and maternal and perinatal outcomes.

Objective:To elucidate predictors of adverse maternal and perinatal outcomes in refugees emigrating from an active conflict region (Syria).Materials and Methods:This study included Syrian pregnant women who gave birth in Etlik Zübeyde Hanım Training and Research Hospital between 2013 and 2016. Adverse perinatal outcomes were defined as preterm labor, premature rupture of membranes, early membrane rupture, intrauterine growth retardation, hypertension, perinatal excites, and erythrocyte-transfused cases. Factors associated with those adverse outcomes were assessed using multiple logistic regression analysis.Results:Having an active smoking habit [odds ratio (OR): 2.647, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.767-3.965; p<0.001], obesity (OR: 2.272, 95% CI: 1.396-3.699; p=0.001), and adolescent age (OR: 1.732, 95% CI: 1.204-2.491; p=0.003) were found to be the most important predictors of adverse maternal and perinatal outcomes. Eighty of 129 (62%) smokers, 45 of 81 (55.65%) obese individuals, and 91 of 169 adolescents (53.8%) had adverse maternal and perinatal outcomes.Conclusion:Prevention strategies for obesity, smoking, and adolescent pregnancies should be implemented primarily to reduce maternal and antenatal adverse outcomes. Pregnant women with these risk factors in a refugee community emigrating from a conflict-zone nation should be followed up closely.

Objective: The objective of our study was to compare the adnexal torsion patients in different age groups clinically and pathologically. Methods: Sixty-eight patients who had applied with pelvic pain and adnexal torsion diagnosis had been confirmed intraoperatively were included in the study. Patients were divided into three groups based on their ages as the adolescent period (Group 1), reproductive period (Group 2) and postmenopausal period (Group 3). Ages, history of torsion, history of past operations, periods between the date of hospitalization and operation, periods of hospital stay, adnexa as the localization of torsion and number of tours of torsion were examined in groups. Mass lesions found during the operation and pathologic consequences of such masses were examined retrospectively and compared. Results: No statistically significant differences in torsion history, past operations, WBC and platelet values, neutrophil/lymphocyte ratios, preoperative fever, preoperative nausea and vomiting and preoperative Doppler US findings between the groups included in the studies (p>0,05). Although not statistically significant, WBC values were higher in the postmenopausal patient group, and it was notable that symptoms including fever, nausea and vomiting were absent in this group. The adolescent age group was the group with the least confirmation of torsion diagnosis following the operation with 13 (52%) patients. Upon evaluation of the operations carried out on patients, it was seen that mostly fertility preserving approaches were preferred for adolescent and reproductive patients with 88%, while more radical methods such as USO (72.7%) and TAH+BSO (18.2%) were preferred in postmenopausal patients. Ovarian tissue with torsion without any pathologic findings is more frequent in the adolescent period as compared to other groups (48%). In the postmenopausal period however, some pathology was found in the entire portion of the adnexa with torsion. In the postoperative evaluation of the pathology results of patients, no significant differences were observed as regards the diameters of cysts (p:0,207). There are significant differences between the histopathological types. Conclusion: Although statistically significant differences have not been observed as regards the clinic al presentation and laboratory findings based on age groups; it must be kept in mind that a mass lesion can accompany the torsion and the pathology of this mass can vary. Torsion must be remembered in pelvic pain in the adolescent age group because of the indistinct clinical findings and inadequacy of imaging methods.

To search whether or not the severe acute respiratory syndrome corona virus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA) vaccine affects the fertility of women at the 6th months by using AMH, which is an ovarian reserve test. Our study, designed as a prospective case-control study, included 104 women who presented to the GOP EAH obstetrics and gynecology outpatient clinic in January and February 2022. The study group included 74 women who presented to the outpatient clinic and planned to be vaccinated and 30 women who refused to be vaccinated as the control group. Anti-COVID-19 antibody levels in all participants were checked before participation in the study, and participants who were positive were excluded from the study. Blood was taken from the participants in both control and study groups to evaluate their AMH levels before the 2 doses of vaccination. After 2 doses of the vaccine, they were called for follow-up, and serological tests were performed to check whether they were positive for anti-COVID-19 antibodies. Participants in both groups were referred for follow-up after 6 months, samples were taken again for AMH, and the data were recorded. The mean age of the study group was 27.6 ± 5.3 years, and the mean age of the control group was 28.65 ± 5.25 years (P = .298). There was no statistically significant difference between the vaccinated and nonvaccinated groups in terms of AMH levels measured at the 6th month (P = .970). When the vaccinated group was compared in terms of AMH values at the first visit before vaccination and at the 6th month after vaccination, no statistically significant difference was found between them (p:0.127) mRNA vaccination to protect against SARS-CoV-2 does not adversely affect ovarian reserve, which is an indirect indicator of fertility. mRNA vaccines continue to be the most important method of protection against epidemics. Carefully and accurately informing women who are hesitant to get vaccinated is of great importance for the success of the fight against the epidemic.Abbreviations: ACE2 = angiotensin-converting enzyme 2, AMH = anti-mullerian hormone, COVID-19 = coronavirus disease 2019, mRNA = messenger ribonucleic acid, SARS-COV-2 = severe acute respiratory syndrome corona virus-2.