The oil crisis in the world has led countries to seek an alternative fuel that can replace fossil fuels. In addition, the fact that global warming, which is one of the most important problems for the world, has reached significant levels, has led to an increase in studies on greenhouse gas emissions and the efficient use of energy. Every effort to increase efficiency contributes to both environmental and economic improvements. Considering this situation, the study was compiled by examining the studies on energy and exergy analysis related to diesel engines and marine diesel power systems in the literature. As a result of the study, it has been seen that the use of different fuel types contributes significantly to the decrease in environmental emissions as well as the increase in efficiency in diesel engines. In addition, it is thought that there are few studies in the literature on ship diesel engines, and with the increase in the studies to be done on this subject, there may be important references to both companies engaged in maritime transport and studies that will conduct research on this subject.