Recent studies have shown an increased level of suicidal behavior among physicians, not only in Pakistan but all over the world. In this cross-sectional study, 622 physicians, aged 32–55 years, participated from 50 private and public hospitals located in the seven cities of the Punjab province of Pakistan. Three standardized tools were used to assess suicidal ideation, perceived life satisfaction and work-family conflict of the participants. Results showed work-family conflict as positive whereas life satisfaction was shown to be a negative predictor of suicidal ideation among the physicians. Furthermore, findings suggested that, as a moderator, percieved life satisfaction holds a significant role in decreasing the levels of work-family conflict and suicidal ideation among the physicians. Therefore, it is recommendable to incoroporate a perceived life satisfaction enhancement program into the training of physicians so that suicidal ideation may be prevented and treated effectively.
Abstract
Objective: To compare cognitive impairment between patients having epileptic seizures and those having psychogenic non-epileptic seizures.
Methods: The cross-sectional study was conducted from May to November 2016 in Jhelum, Pakistan, and comprised epileptic and psychogenic non-epileptic patients who were selected from different psychiatric units of the city. Bender Gestalt Test-II was administered to check the cognitive impairment of participants. Data was analysed using SPSS 21.
Results: Of the 125 subjects, 62(49.6%) were epileptic and 63(50.4%) were psychogenic non-epileptic patients. Psychogenic non-epileptic patients performed better compared to epileptic patients (p?.001). The effect size of the finding was 0.42, indicating medium size effect.
Conclusion: Epileptic patients were found to have more cognitive impairment than psychogenic non-epileptic patients.
Key Words: Cognitive impairment, Epileptic, Psychogenic non-epileptic, Seizures, Continuous...
The teaching of Islam are not limited to any religion, race, time, conditions etc. And the Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) was sent as Marcy for all the creations. While living in plural societies one has to interact with people having various religious and cultured backgrounds. Islam not only gives very clear instructions for such interactions but all these valuable commandments were also personified in Prophet Muhammad (PBUH). The basic research question of this study is that how Quran, Hadith and the opinions of four schools of thought in the wake of conditions and circumstances of the modern day world guide Muslims in terms of participating in funerals of Non- Muslims and offering condolence to them. The methodology adopted to address the above mentioned question is that Quran, Hadith and the viewpoints of four Imams were taken into consideration respectively. Lastly various methods of condolence have also been highlighted. The research concludes on the findings that Muslims can offer condolence to Non-Muslims as this will work as a very effective message of Islam in the wake of modern day issues in terms of the relationship of Muslim and Non-Muslims. However Muslims are not allowed to participate in any rituals of Non-Muslims.
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