[Purpose] The purpose of the current study was to investigate the relationship between postural sway and dynamic balance in post stroke patients. [Subjects] Thirty-one stroke patients (20 men and 11 women; age 64.25 years; stroke duration 12.70 months; MMSE-K score 26.35) participated in this study. [Methods] This study applied a cross-sectional design. A Good Balance system was used for measurement of the postural sway velocity (anteroposterior and mediolateral) and velocity moment of subjects under the eyes open and eyes closed conditions in a standing posture. The postural sway of subjects was measured under two surface conditions (stable and unstable surfaces). [Results] On the unstable surface (foam), no significant correlation was observed between postural sway and dynamic balance except for the berg balance scale (BBS) score and anteroposterior postural sway velocity under the eyes open condition, anteroposterior postural sway velocity under the eyes closed condition, and postural sway velocity moment. In addition, in the stable condition, no significant correlation was observed between postural sway and dynamic balance. [Conclusion] Our results indicate that a decrease in postural sway does not necessarily reflect improvement of dynamic balance ability. We believe that this finding may be useful in balance rehabilitation for prevention of falls after a stroke.

Abstract-Many have recognized the need to restructure the current internetwork into a much more dynamic networking environment. It is difficult for today's inflexible infrastructure to cope with the fast changing demands of the users. As a result, Software-Defined Network (SDN) was introduced around 2005 to transform today's network to have centralized management, rapid innovation, and programmability by decoupling the control and data planes. This study focuses on developing a firewall application that runs over an OpenFlow-based SDN controller to show that most of the firewall functionalities are able to be built on software, without the aid of a dedicated hardware. Among many OpenFlow controllers that already exist for the public, we have chosen POX written in Python for the experiment; and to create the SDN network topology, we have used VirtualBox and Mininet. In this study, we cover the implementation detail of our firewall application, as well as the experimentation result.

[Purpose] The aim of this study was to systematically investigate the effects of robot-assisted therapy on the upper extremity in acute and subacute stroke patients. [Subjects and Methods] The papers retrieved were evaluated based on the following inclusion criteria: 1) design: randomized controlled trials; 2) population: stroke patients 3) intervention: robot-assisted therapy; and 4) year of publication: May 2012 to April 2016. Databased searched were: EMBASE, PubMed and COCHRAN databases. The Physiotherapy Evidence Database (PEDro) scale was used to assess the methodological quality of the included studies. [Results] Of the 637 articles searched, six studies were included in this systematic review. The PEDro scores range from 7 to 9 points. [Conclusion] This review confirmed that the robot-assisted therapy with three-dimensional movement and a high degree of freedom had positive effects on the recovery of upper extremity motor function in patients with early-stage stroke. We think that the robot-assisted therapy could be used to improve upper extremity function for early stage stroke patients in clinical setting.

This article presents a fast new numerical method for redistancing objective functions based on the Hopf-Lax formula [1]. The algorithm suggested here is a special case of the previous work in [2] and an extension that applies the Hopf-Lax formula for computing the signed distance to the front. We propose the split Bregman approach to solve the minimization problem as a solution of the eikonal equation obtained from Hopf-Lax formula. Our redistancing procedure is expected to be generalized and widely applied to many fields such as computational fluid dynamics, the minimal surface problem, and elsewhere.