No abstract

A a, b, c = constants defined by Equation (31) D = hydraulic diameter f i = interfacial friction factor fwf g = acceleration of gravity i = total volumetric flux if iftr p = pressure Pi Pwf Ref t = time V,j = vapor drift velocity uf = average liquid velocity ug = average gas velocity urn = mixture center-of-mass velocity or z = axial coordinate Greek Letters r, = vapor generation rate h p = density difference 6 = average film thickness Q t~f = liquid viscosity 4 p f = liquid density p, = gas density pm = mixture density T( = interfacial shear stress Twf = wall shear stress LITERATURE CITED Alia, P., L. Cravarolo, A. Hassid, and E. Pedrocchi, "Liquid Volume Fraction in Adiabatic Two-Phase Vertical Upflow-Round Conduit," CZSE Report-105, Italy ( 1965). = total flow area per channel = wall friction factor based on film = liquid volumetric flux, superficial liquid velocity = absolute liquid volumetric flux at laminar turbulent transition, defined by Equation (25) = wetted perimeter of interface = wall perimeter wetted by film = film Reynolds number defined by Equation (18) = vgvf, relative velocity between phases = void fraction of gas phase = roughness parameter of interface = ratio of the two wetted perimeters given by Equation (14)

No abstract

No abstract

From the analogy of laminar flow through a circular pipe, a simple model describing the fluid mechanics of a crossflow magnetically stabilized fluidized bed (MSB) in an inclined channel was developed. Predictions from the model compared favorably with experimental data for the bed top surface and solids velocity profiles. It was found that the flow of MSB sollds can be described as a non-Newtonian fluid, where standard rheological models such as power law or Blngham plastic apply. The effective viscosity of an MSB was found to decrease with increasing channel shear rate. Thus, a magnetically stabilized bed of solids appears as a "shear thinning fluid". High yield stresses are the controlling mechanism at low bed flow rates, while a truly vlscous flow exists once the bed solids establish steady-state flow. The decrease in bed fluidity with Increasing magnetic field was confirmed and further quantified.