El jaguar (Panthera onca) es el felino silvestre más grande de América y desde 1973 está incluido en elApéndice I de CITES, debido a los efectos de la intervención humana en el declive de sus poblaciones.En Costa Rica, en el 2002 se reportó la pérdida de 21 jaguares entre 1991 y 1998 por problemas confinqueros. Este conflicto persiste y en muchos de los casos se recurre a la eliminación de individuossin la certeza que sean los causantes del problema. Con el objetivo de contribuir a la reducción delriesgo de extinción de jaguares y sus presas en el Área de Conservación Guanacaste (ACG) mediante lageneración de información sobre el estado de sus poblaciones, su hábitat y salud, se realizó la captura yanestesia de dos individuos de vida libre de jaguar en el ACG.El método de captura utilizado fue el lazo (foot snare) cebado con tortugas marinas (Lepidochelysolivacea y Chelonia mydas) depredadas naturalmente en Playa Naranjo, La Cruz, Guanacaste. Una vezel individuo se encontraba en la trampa se procedió a la inmovilización química mediante teleinyeccióncon rifle de CO2 y utilizando una combinación de ketamina (5mg/kg; Ketamin 10®, Bremer Pharma) yxilacina (0.5 mg/kg; Procin Equus®, Pisa Agropecuaria).Una vez concluidos todos los procedimientos se administró una dosis de yohimbina (Yobine®, Lloyd)como antídoto a la xilacina. Se les colocaron collares GPS y se colectaron muestras de sangre parahematología, química sanguínea y virología, así como pelos para genética. Tanto el método decaptura como el protocolo anestésico utilizado fueron seguros para el manejo de los animales y paralos investigadores involucrados en el procedimiento, sin embargo, se hace necesario realizar másinvestigación al respecto y establecer parámetros fisiológicos y de salud en individuos de vida libre queayuden a contribuir con su conservación.

The experimental objective was to evaluate swine methane digester effluent (SMDE) as a water and nutrient source for swine. The mesophilic methane digester was loaded daily with manure from finishing swine fed a corn-soybean meal diet. Dry diet was mixed with SMDE (3.7% DM) and fed twice daily in troughs. Tap water was provided and consumption measured. Barrows were group fed (3 pigs/pen) and adapted to SMDE by increasing SMDE for 7 d, with the full amount fed from d 8 to the end of the feeding phase (d 21, 14, 23, or 37 for Exp. 1 to 4, respectively). Blood samples were collected on d 0, 10, 21, and 31 to determine plasma concentrations of glucose and plasma urea N (PUN). Barrows were placed in individual metabolism cages for a 5-d acclimation and a 5-d fecal and urine collection to determine apparent N and energy utilization. For Exp. 1, 18 pigs averaging 75 kg BW were allotted to diets with 0, 48.6, or 63.7% SMDE, as-fed basis. For Exp. 2 and 3, 12 pigs/experiment averaged 117 and 70 kg, respectively, and were allotted to diets with 0 or 63.7% SMDE, as-fed basis. At the end of Exp. 2 and 3, pigs were sacrificed and liver samples were collected to determine urea cycle enzyme activity, and loin was saved for taste panel evaluation. For Exp. 4, pigs averaged 40 kg and were allotted to diets with 0 or 57.5% SMDE, as-fed basis. The ADFI, ADG, and G:F of finishing swine (Exp. 1 to 3) were not reduced by feeding diets containing 63.7% SMDE (as-fed basis), whereas ADG and G:F of growing swine (Exp. 4) were reduced (P < 0.01) by feeding a diet containing 57.5% SMDE. Pigs fed diets containing SMDE consumed 31 to 56% less (P < 0.05) water and had greater (P < 0.01) PUN concentrations than pigs fed control diets. Pigs fed diets containing SMDE excreted more (g, P < 0.05) fecal N and absorbed and retained less N (%; P < 0.01) and energy (DE and ME) than pigs fed control diets. Treatment had no effect on urea cycle enzyme activity. In conclusion, finishing swine adapted to diets containing 63.7% SMDE (as-fed basis) based on growth performance, whereas growing swine did not adapt to a diet containing 57.5% SMDE because of the large content of nonprotein N in SMDE. Recycling SMDE to swine greatly reduced fresh water consumption, whereas the protein and energy values of SMDE were approximately 0 for swine. Therefore, SMDE is more appropriately recycled as a source of water and N for ruminant nutrition or crop production.