A 70 year old woman presented with a 6 year history of medically refractory severe tardive dystonia. After informed consent, a bilateral stereotactic electrode placement targeting the ventral intermediate thalamic nucleus (VIM) and the globus pallidus internus (GPi) was performed. After bilateral stimulation of the GPi, the patient showed a clear and stable improvement of the painful dystonic syndrome within hours. Stimulation of the VIM did not improve the hyperkinetic movements and simultaneous stimulation of both the GPi and the VIM did not result in any additional benefit. The possible pathophysiological mechanisms are discussed. (J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 2001;70:557-559)

The present study shows that it is possible to measure motor function and its implications on oral as well as pharyngeal cavities during sound generation in brass instruments. These changes seem to follow a reproducible pattern.

A 58-year-old female patient with a history of left temporal glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) World Health Organization (WHO) grade IV that had been diagnosed and treated by total tumor resection 12 months earlier (Figs. 1 and 2) presented to a peripheral hospital with a new onset of dizziness, nausea and diplopia. A magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the head was performed, which revealed a new space-occupying contrast-enhanced prepontine lesion (Fig. 3). At the left temporal resection site, no signs of a GBM recurrence were present. The patient was immediately transferred to our hospital. At the time of admission, the patient was awake and oriented with nausea and diplopia due to a palsy of the sixth cranial nerve. There

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