The decarboxylation of 2-cyano-2-phenylpropanoic acid is fast and quantitative when carried out in the presence of 1 molar equivalent of a [2]catenane composed of two identical macrocycles incorporating a 1,10-phenanthroline unit in their backbone. When decarboxylation is over, all of the catenane molecules have experienced large-amplitude motions from neutral to protonated catenane, and back again to the neutral form, so that they are ready to perform another cycle. This study provides the first example of the cyclic operation of a molecular switch at the sole expenses of the energy supplied by the substrate undergoing chemical transformation, without recourse to additional stimuli

A specific and widely accepted protocol for quality controls in DWI is still lacking. The DWI quality assurance protocol proposed in this study can be applied in order to assess the reliability of DWI-derived indices before tackling single- as well as multicenter studies.

We report on catalysis by a fuel‐induced transient state of a synthetic molecular machine. A [2]rotaxane molecular shuttle containing secondary ammonium/amine and thiourea stations is converted between catalytically inactive and active states by pulses of a chemical fuel (trichloroacetic acid), which is itself decomposed by the machine and/or the presence of additional base. The ON‐state of the rotaxane catalyzes the reduction of a nitrostyrene by transfer hydrogenation. By varying the amount of fuel added, the lifetime of the rotaxane ON‐state can be regulated and temporal control of catalysis achieved. The system can be pulsed with chemical fuel several times in succession, with each pulse activating catalysis for a time period determined by the amount of fuel added. Dissipative catalysis by synthetic molecular machines has implications for the future design of networks that feature communication and signaling between the components.

Natural molecular machines require a continuous fuel supply to perform motions and/or remain in a functional state. Consequently, the aim of developing artificial devices and materials with life‐type properties has motivated a growing interest in abiotic chemical fuels and in their supply modalities. Many artificial molecular machines have been developed in which the sequential addition of several chemical reagents allows the machine to perform complete cycles of motion. Only recently, examples of molecular machines whose cycles of motion are triggered by a single pulse of fuel have been reported. The latter systems are the object of this Minireview where the abiotic chemical fuels used so far to trigger the complete cycles of motion of molecular machines are described, with particular emphasis on the operation mechanism of the machine/fuel systems.