Brushless direct current motor (BLDCM) is a complicated system with multivariable, nonlinear and strong coupled. The present work devotes to design a fuzzy adaptive PID algorithm based on the speed loop so that it could crack the traditional PID problems which include bad parameter setting, poor adaptability, imprecise control and weak anti-interference so on. In this paper, the mathematical model and operating characteristics of BLDCM are analyzed. Then, the simulation platform is built by MATLAB/Simulink. Finally, the control effects of PI, PID and fuzzy adaptive PID are compared and analyzed. The results indicate that the fuzzy adaptive PID is better robustness, faster response, smaller overshoot and more stable operation than others.