IntroduzioneIl "Bosco Palli" è un'interessante cerreta relitta ubicata nei pressi dell'abitato di Rolasco, in comune di Casale Monferrato, AL (48° 7' 53.83" N, 8° 23' 3.60" E), nel territorio collinare del Basso Monferrato (Fig. 1). Come già sottolineato da Cristaldi & Mondino (1993) nell'ambito di uno studio sulla sua vegetazione, questa formazione forestale riveste un elevato interesse naturalistico perché costituisce un elemento relitto di una tipologia boschiva un tempo ben presente in questo territorio, ma oggi pressoché completamente scomparsa sotto i colpi dello sfruttamento agricolo intensivo. Oggi le cerrete pure, mentre sono ancora ben diffuse nell'Italia centro-meridionale, sono infatti rarissime in tutta l'Italia settentrionale, dove prevalgono formazioni in cui il cerro (Quercus cerris) si accompagna con altre querce come la roverella (Quercus pubescens) e la rovere (Quercus petraea).Come si può desumere dall'esame della Carta Geologica d'Italia, Foglio n. 157 (Dela Pierre et al. 2003), dal punto di vista geologico i suoli di questa zona appartengono all'unità detta "Formazione di Casale Monferrato", che è la più antica presente nel Monferrato Casalese ed è datata all'Eocene inferiore-medio (57-36 milioni di anni fa). Si tratta di un'unità costituita da "marne da cemento", rocce sedimentarie formate da calcare e, prevalentemente, da argilla e quindi potenzialmente franosa, come testimoniano le frequenti frane che si verificano anche nell'area del bosco.Il clima della zona è nettamente continentale, con temperatura media annua di 11.8 °C e con escursioni termiche accentuate; le precipitazioni medie ammontano a circa 750 mm annui, distribuite con due massimi livellati in primavera e in autunno e due minimi in inverno e in estate, di cui il primo è normalmente inferiore; la stagione estiva non è immune da periodi siccitosi, ma la particolare morfologia del territorio determina la presenza di microclimi molto diversificati, all'estremo molto freschi (nei fondivalle) oppu- it).Abstract: The ground beetles (Coleoptera, Carabidae) of "Bosco Palli", a relict Turkey oak wood in Basso Monferrato (Piedmont, Italy). The Carabid fauna of "Bosco Palli", a relict Turkey oak wood in the hilly area of Basso Monferrato, is described. This wood covers an area of about 50 hectares divided in two separate core areas and is almost entirely surrounded by agricultural crops. A total of 25 Carabid species were recorded, of which only 11 are present in the central core areas and 23 in the peripheral ecotone areas. There are only very few species with strict forest attitude, but a prosperous population of Carabus italicus was recorded, located in a peripheral portion of the forest on moist and swampy soil. The poorness of this fauna and the scarcity of specialized forest species may be a consequence of the limited area of the wood, its fragmentation, the total isolation in an agricultural context and the repeated coppicing carried out up to about half of the past century.
Profitability of poplar and hardwood broadleaves plantations in ItalyIn Italy, forest tree crops cover an area of about 100,000 hectares of farmland: more than half are represented by specialized poplar plantations, while the remaining consists mainly of hardwood broadleaves plantations. The profitability of poplar and hardwood broadleaved plantations, assessed by field data collected on a representative number of plantation sites, was evaluated in terms of net present value and equivalent annual value under different levels of wood prices and in presence or absence of financial public incentives. Under current market conditions the investment in specialized poplar plantations is usually positive, even without subsidies. On the contrary, hardwood broadleaves plantations usually do not provide positive financial results without public incentives, while better financial results can be obtained by polycyclic plantations including both hardwood broadleaves (medium-long rotation) and hybrid poplar (short rotation) on the same parcel.
Quick assessment of the phytodepurative potential of riparian forest stands This technical note describes a quick methodology to classify the phytodepurative potential of riparian forest stands. Some municipalities located within landscapes characterized by both intensive agricultural and industrial activities in Central Italy are considered as test areas. Starting from the on-screen interpretation of high-resolution digital aerial orthophotos, supported by accurate ground surveys and GIS operations, it has been possible to map the riparian forest stands and classify each of them based on factors representing their phytodepurative potential. The proposed mapping process, feasible and easily replicable, provides a support tool for analysis and planning related to phytoremediation and/or to identify conservation and environmental management priorities and, depending on the goals of the phytoremediation objectives, to define where to locate eventual specific technical interventions.
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