In order to improve the accuracy of the finite element rutting prediction model and evaluate the influences of truck parameters (wheel set, axle set, vehicle travel speed, and tire pressure) on rutting, a modified 3D pavement model was built in this study. The new model adopted a moving wheel load to perform repeated loading on the pavement, and the strain-hardening formulation was used as the creep law of the asphalt mixture. Results indicate that the front axle of single-rear-axle truck is as important as the rear axle to pavement rutting. The dual-axle truck can more easily cause pavement rutting than the single-axle truck, and the dual-axle wheel load increases rutting by 33 %. Moreover, the vehicle running at a slow speed can increase pavement rutting by a large margin. When the movement speed of wheel load decreases from 80 km/h to 60 km/h, the rutting is increased by 60 %. The high tire pressure generates considerable depression. When the tire pressure increases from 0.70 MPa to 0.90 MPa, the maximum depression on pavement increases by 7 %. The conclusions provide a reference for the pavement design and shear resistance design of asphalt mixture.