What are the novel findings of this work?In this modified Delphi study, 13 experts on ultrasound diagnosis of adenomyosis reached consensus on revised definitions of the Morphological Uterus Sonographic Assessment (MUSA) features of adenomyosis and classified these into direct and indirect sonographic signs of adenomyosis. What are the clinical implications of this work?The revised definitions of MUSA features of adenomyosis and the distinction between direct and indirect signs should facilitate recognition and diagnosis of adenomyosis in clinical practice. The updated definitions are important for future studies on the relationship between the MUSA features of adenomyosis and clinical symptoms and reproductive outcome.

In monotherapy, immunotherapy has a poor success rate in ovarian cancer. Upgrading to a successful combinatorial immunotherapy treatment implies knowledge of the immune changes that are induced by chemotherapy and surgery. Methodology: Patients with a new d ovarian cancer diagnosis underwent longitudinal blood samples at different time points during primary treatment. Results.: Ninety patients were included in the study (33% primary debulking surgery (PDS) with adjuvant chemotherapy (ACT), 61% neo-adjuvant chemotherapy (NACT) with interval debulking surgery (IDS), and 6% debulking surgery only). Reductions in immunosuppression were observed after NACT, but surgery reverted this effect. The immune-related proteins showed a pronounced decrease in immune stimulation and immunosuppression when primary treatment was completed. NACT with IDS leads to a transient amelioration of the immune microenvironment compared to PDS with ACT. Conclusion: The implementation of immunotherapy in the primary treatment schedule of ovarian cancer cannot be induced blindly. Carboplatin–paclitaxel seems to ameliorate the hostile immune microenvironment in ovarian cancer, which is less pronounced at the end of primary treatment. This prospective study during primary therapy for ovarian cancer that also looks at the evolution of immune-related proteins provides us with an insight into the temporary windows of opportunity in which to introduce immunotherapy during primary treatment.

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