The performance of the constant modulus algorithm (CMA)-a reference algorithm for adaptive blind equalization-is studied in terms of the excess mean square error (EMSE) due to the nonvanishing step size of the gradient descent algorithm. An analytical approximation of EMSE is provided, emphasizing the effect of the constellation size and resulting in design guidelines.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.