A set of four tetra-azamacrocyclic ligands bearing aminomethylphenyl substituents have been prepared and may be attached to a monoclonal antibody via an intermediate thiol-specific vinylpyridine linker molecule. The resultant conjugates may be efficiently radiolabelled with %u or 67Cu at pH 4 to minimise non-specific protein binding, and the copper labelled antibody-conjugate is stable with respect to copper loss in vivo. The forward rate of copper binding has been optimised through a kinetic analysis using stopped-flow spectrophotometry. In succinate buffer, anionic copper species CU(SUCC),~-(log p = 4.35) and HCu(succ),-(log p = 9.64) are the kinetically significant copper species in the pH range 3.6-5.6.A challenging aspect of current clinical oncology involves the development of effective methods of radioimmunoimaging and radioimmunotherapy.2 The two techniques are complementary: in uiuo imaging provides not only useful information about the size, morphology and location of tumour deposits but it is also vital for prognosis and for monitoring the effects of therapeutic radiation on the tumour following treatment. Large and accessible primary tumours are often best removed by surgery but smaller-more widely distributed-secondary metastases may be cleared following radioimmunotherapy. Most radioimaging applications use y-ray emission from the nuclear decay of a given radioisotope (e.g. 99mTc, 1311 or "'In). Notwithstanding the development of single photon-emitter computerised tomography, vastly superior high resolution images may be obtained with positron emission tomography (down to 3 mm).3 The most common positron emitters "Rb and 68Ga have half-lives (1.4 and 1.1 min) that are far too short to permit localisation of a radiolabelled antibody to the tumour. In this respect 64Cu is more suitable ( t , = 12.8 h) and it was prepared for these studies 'carrier-free' from 64Zn0 by an (n,p) reaction followed by electrochemical extraction.There is a particular interest in those monoclonal antibodies which bind specifically to tumour associated antigens for the treatment of the more common malignancies e.g. carcinoma of the breast, lung, or colon. The antibody B72.3 binds specifically to tumour associated glycoprotein (TAG-72) found with a high incidence in colon carcinoma t i ~s u e . ~ By irreversibly attaching a Paper 9/03466H

The synthesis and stability of anionic, neutral and cationic gadolinium complexes based on tetraazaphosphinic acid ligands is compared: lipophilic anionic complexes show biliary rather than renal clearance.

Examined future directions in pediatric and clinical child psychology, utilizing a "Delphi" survey of 80 experts. Experts were asked to identify future trends in research, training, and clinical service. Findings suggest considerable overlap for the two subspecialties. Differences were predominantly related to the characteristics of the settings within which the professionals practiced. Implications with regard to research, training, and clinical service are discussed.United States census data in 1970 indicated that 30% of the total population was composed of children under the age of 18.A detailed report released by the American Psychological Association (APA) nearly a decade later, however, suggested that less than 1% of all psychological service providers primarily served children (VandenBos et ah, 1979). Given this figure, it was not surprising that only about 10% of all American children and adolescents in need of mental health services actually received them at that time. The huge demand for child and adolescent services, in combination with the limited supply of existing service providers, led VandenBos et al. (1979) to estimate that an additional 5,000 fully trained, doctoral-level, clinical child psychologists would be needed to fill the service void by 1990.

A set of four macrocyclic ligands (I) and (II) bearing aminomethylphenyl units to facilitate linkage to a monoclonal antibody via acylation with the thiol‐specific vinyl‐pyridine linker molecule (III) is prepared.

The Psychological Screening Inventory (PSI) was administered to 1,123 subjects in the 13-16 year age range. Normative test data were calculated and presented for this group. On the basis of a questionnaire administered with the PSI, this group was divided into a group less likely to appear in court and a group more likely to appear in court. These groups were compared to a group tested while on juvenile probation. Significant differences were found on several of the PSI scales. It appears that the PSI can serve a useful purpose when administered to subjects 13-16, although additional research is warranted.