Common femoral arteries diameters (left and right) were studied, on a number of 60 cases (26 women and 34 men) with a General Electric – Voluson 730 Expert ultrasonograph. The diameters of the common femoral arteries, left and right, were measured in three points: proximal, middle and inferior, in 60 cases as it follows: 26 cases on women (43,33%) and 34 cases on men (56,70%). Regarding the proximal third of the right common femoral artery, the diameter range was found between 6,1 and 8,9mm, in women being between 6,2-7,9mm, and in men between 6,1-8,9mm. The diameter of the middle third had values between 5,8-9,7mm, in women ranging from 6,1 to 7,8mm, and in men from 5,8 to 9,7mm. At the level of the inferior third, the femoral artery had a diameter between 6,8-12,7mm, in women ranging from 6,5 to 9,8mm, and in men from 6,3 to 12,7mm. The common left femoral artery, in its proximal third had a diameter with values between 5,7 – 9,9mm, in women from 6,2 to 8,0mm, and in men being between 5,7-9,9mm. In the middle third the values were found between 6,1-9,8mm, in women being from 6,6 to 7,9mm, and in men from 6,1 to 9,8mm. Regarding the inferior third, the diameters had values between 7,0-12,5mm, in women ranging from 7,1 to 10,5mm, and in men, from 6,8 to 12,5mm.

The complications, especially those affecting microcirculation, exhibit great importance in the assessment and follow-up of patients with diabetes mellitus. Blood viscosity plays its most important role in the microcirculation where it contributes significantly to peripheral resistance and may cause sludging in the post capillary venules. The effect of whole blood viscosity in patients whit diabetic nephropaty is still unclear. The aim of this study was to examine the influence of glicaemic control measured by glicated hemoglobin on rheological parameters, and especially on whole blood and plasma viscosity in patients with diabetic nephropaty. Blood viscosity is an important determinant of local flow characteristics. Blood exhibits shear thinning behavior: its viscosity decreases exponentially with increasing shear rates. Estimation of whole blood and plasma viscosity was made on 42 patients, comparing different stages of diabetic nephropathy and with different values of glicated hemoglobin. Depression of the regulatory mechanisms of microvascular blood flow as well as decreased tissue perfusion indicated the restricted blood flow in microcirculatory network in diabetic nephropathy. In conclusion blood viscosity was elevated in the patients with major organ complications and not in the patients without or with early complications, in correlation with poor glicaemic control.

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