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Two unrelated children presented with similar clinical features (facial dysmorphism and multiple joint dislocations) suggesting the diagnosis of Larsen syndrome. Both carried an inherited unbalanced translocation resulting in partial trisomy 1q and partial monosomy 6p. Analysis of skin collagen from one of the probands disclosed a decreased alpha 1/alpha 2 chain ratio of collagen type I, increased thermal stability and increased hydroxylation of proline and lysine. The present findings suggest that, as a result of the chromosome rearrangements, both patients have a mutation on a gene involved in collagen production, located either on chromosome 1q or, more probably, on 6p. It is furthermore suggested that other cases of Larsen syndrome are the result of a similar mutation.

We report on a newborn male, born at term with clinical manifestations of oral-facial-digital (OFD) syndrome type I. This syndrome is generally assumed to be inherited in an X-linked dominant fashion with lethality in males. Therefore, liveborn males are exceptional. This liveborn male also had Dandy-Walker malformation and polycystic kidneys. From a general point of view, distinction between the 8 types of OFD syndromes described so far appears subtle and considerable overlap exists between them. In this regard, it should be noted that polycystic kidneys different from adult polycystic kidney disease both macroscopically and microscopically are a frequent manifestation of OFD I.