No abstract

During May and June 2003, a mixed breeding pair consisting of a male western Bonelli's warbler (Phylloscopus bonelli) and a female wood warbler (P. sibilatrix) successfully raised six young in a broad-leafed forest near Jü nkerath, western Germany, an area far outside the regular breeding range of P. bonelli. The identity of the adult birds was confirmed by song, calls, colouration, and wing measurements. Based on blood samples taken from both parents and three juveniles, the potential interbreeding was analysed by molecular methods. Sequences of the mitochondrial cytochrome b gene differed between male and female by 8.7% and confirmed the identification of both parents. Sequences of the mitochondrial cytochrome b gene revealed that the male was a western Bonelli's and the female a wood warbler. The hybridisation and the parentage of male and female were corroborated by multilocus DNA fingerprinting. This is the first documented and genetically proven hybridisation event between these two warbler species.

No abstract

Influence of temperature and soil moisture on the biological control of the potato‐cyst nematode Globodera pallida using the plant plant‐health‐promoting rhizobacterium Agrobacterium radiobacter Treatment of potato tubers with the plant‐health‐promoting rhizobacterium A. radiobacter (G 12) resulted in significant (P ≤ 0.05) reductions in G. pallida penetration (25%) in green‐house studies conducted in a non‐sterilized sandy‐loam soil. Significant reductions (P ≤ 0.05) in nematode infection were obtained when soil moisture was maintained between 60 and 90% of field capacity. When moisture levels were held at 30% of field capacity, nematode infection was also reduced, but not significantly. A. radiobacter repeatedly reduced nematode root‐infection levels but did not affect the final population density. A. radiobacter reduced the hatch of G. pallida significantly (P ≤ 0.01) in vitro up to 70%. The bacterium effectively reduced nematode hatch at both 20 and 25°C.

Influence of temperature and soil moisture on the biological control of the potato-cyst nematode Globodera pallida using the plant plant-health-promoting rhizobacterium Agrobacterium radiobacterTreatment of potato tubers with the plant-health-promoting rhizobacterium A. radiobacter (G 12) resulted in significant (P < 0.05) reductions in G. pallida penetration (25 %) in green-house studies conducted in a non-sterilized sandy-loam soil. Significant reductions (P < 0.05) in nematode infection were obtained when soil moisture was maintained between 60 and 90 % of field capacity. When moisture levels were held at 30 % of field capacity, nematode infection was also reduced, but not significantly. A. radiobacter repeatedly reduced nematode root-infection levels but did not affect the final population density. A. radiobacter reduced the hatch of G. pallida significantly (P < 0.01) in vitro up to 70 %. The bacterium effectively reduced nematode hatch at both 20 and 25°C. ZusammenfassungDas pflanzengesundheitsfordernde Rhizobakterium Agrobacterium radiobacter Stamm G12 bewirkte in vitro eine signifikante (P < 0.01) Reduktion des Schlupfes von Globodera pallida Larven bis zu 70 %. A. radiobacter erwies sich bei den Temperaturen von 20°C und 25°C als schlupfreduzierend gegentiber G. pallida. Die starkste Reduktion der G. pallida Schlupfraten wurde nach Inkubation von Kartoffelwurzelexsudaten mit A radiobacter bei 20°C ermittelt. In Topfversuchen mit einem unsterilen Felderde/Sand Gemisch wurde bei Bewasserung der Versuchspflanzen auf 60 % und 90 % der maximalen Wasserkapazitat der Befall durch G. pallida signifikant (P < 0.05) reduziert. Bei Bewasserung auf 30 % der maximalen Wasserkapazitat konnte durch eine A. radiobacter Behandlung zwar eine G. pallida Befallsreduktion festgestellt werden, diese war jedoch nicht signifikant. U. S.