This study indicates that the bone mineral density of the lumbar spine, femoral neck and the midshaft of the radius are not significantly decreased in premenopausal patients with endogenous subclinical hyperthyroidism resulting from a solitary autonomously functioning thyroid nodule. Conversely, findings hint at the possibility that long-lasting endogenous subclinical hyperthyroidism may be a contributing factor to the development of osteoporosis in some post-menopausal women, mostly at sites where cortical bone preponderates.

Our results pointed to utilisable NTG formulations and outcome measures for NTG-induced migraine models in mice. Pending further cross-validation with positive and negative control drugs in these mouse models and in the human NTG models of migraine, these tests might be valuable translational research tools for development of new anti-migraine drugs.

Increased bone fragility in dialysis patients is associated with vitamin D deficiency and relative hypoparathyroidism in addition to reduced BMD at the radius. Further studies are needed to determine whether patients with vitamin D deficiency benefit from vitamin D supplementation to reduce fracture risk.

Osteopathia has been reported in Wilson disease (WD), but bone density has not been measured; therefore, we performed bone mineral density (BMD), bone mineral content (BMC), and quantitative bone ultrasound (QUS) assessments, as well as measured the serum levels of osteocalcin (OCN), ␤-cross-laps (␤-CTx's), and the recently discovered osteoprotegerin (OPG) and its ligand RANKL to investigate the underlying mechanism of osseous disorders. Serum OCN, ␤-CTx, OPG, and RANKL levels were measured by ELISA in 21 WD patients and in 20 age-and gender-matched healthy subjects. BMD, BMC, and QUS parameters were also determined. Osteoporosis was present in 9/21 (43%) WD patients. Abnormal QUS parameters were found in 7 (33%) of the patients. Although serum OCN levels were similar in patients and controls (