This study examines spatial knowledge of the local community and the participatory resource mapping (PRM) approach to demarcate land boundaries in the eastern boundary of Wilpattu National Park, Sri Lanka. Sri Lanka has four types of major administrative boundaries, namely, provinces, districts, divisional secretariat divisions (DSD), and Grama Niladari (GN) divisions. The smallest community segments are clustered inside each GN division. The lack of proper demarcation of these smallest community segments, called ‘villages’, has been identified as a significant issue when implementing community development plans and applications in government and non-government projects. Thus, the deliverables of community-based projects become less effective. The objective of this study was to explore means of demarcating land boundaries, to separately identify small community segments using participatory GIS (PGIS) techniques. The study was conducted covering 12 GN divisions adjoining the eastern border of Wilpattu National Park (WNP). The methods used included PGIS interviews and group discussions with PRM steps. Overall, around 100 selected community members, spread across 12 GN divisions, were chosen to participate in the study. Community society meetings were conducted in each village, and essential topographic information in the area was collected with the knowledge of local society members and GIS tools. Later, this was digitized and verified to improve the presentation and accuracy of the results. As a result, the study could identify villages in each GN division, while generating more precise digital maps. Through this study, it can be confirmed that PGIS has remarkable potential in land use planning applications. The study further shows the potential of the application of PGIS in community-based projects and their deliverables to the community, and in enhancing community education on spatial thinking and planning, while facilitating community empowerment and innovation.

The study on Loris species diversity in Sri Lanka was considered is based on environmental, morphological, and genetic factors. The distribution of the Loris species, according to genetics and morphology, was the focal point of this work. We have observed seven groups from 25 districts in Sri Lanka in the environmental analysis. When we compare the ecological factors of the Loris species in the study of distribution patterns, the genetic and morphological characteristics are considered for the occurrence of each species, and it also align with the environmental clustering style as seven clusters. Our results suggest that segregation plays a key role in the evolution of genetic structure within the Loris species populations under conditions of free movement. Given the monophyletic arrival of the Loris species, our study challenges the view that geographical barriers are strictly needed for genetic divergence. The study further raises the interesting prospect that social forces - such as social structure, feeding habits, and the breeding of Loris - might influence the genetic partitioning of the population.

The primary objective of this research was to analyse the discrepancies in polymeric properties in Y12 aircraft tyres after 50 landings. Tensile strength and elongation test, abrasion test and hardness tests were carried out for the nose and main gear tyres after the completion of 50 landings. Surface morphologies of the tyre samples were observed using SEM. ISO specifications were followed for each experimental method during testing. There was a reduction in both median tensile strength and elongation at break in aircraft tyres after 50 landings but the reduction rate of both parameters were lower in Tyre 2 (nose wheel tyre) compared with Tyre 1 (left main wheel tyre) and Tyre 3 (right main wheel tyre). The highest percentage of mean volume loss was reported for Tyre 3 (3.88%). In addition, the least percentage of mean volume loss was obtained in Tyre 2 (2.98%). The percentage of hardness reduction was highest in Tyre 2 (6.9%). The surface roughness was induced to the tyre surface after completion of 50 landings.