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This paper uses one of the security algorithms like the Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) in Earth Observation small Satellites. Commercial security in Earth observation satellite images is in need to protect valuable data transmitted from the satellite. In November 2001 NIST published Rijndael as the proposed Algorithm for AES (Advanced Encryption Standard), it provides the highest level of security by utilizing the newest and strongest 128 bit AES encryption algorithm to encrypt and authenticate the data. At the same time while encryption process immunity of encryption is taken into the account. Five modes of AES have been used to perform security on satellite data. The different modes are ECB, CBC, OFB, CFB and CTR. All the above techniques except OFB lead to fault during data transmission to ground because of noisy channels. It is due to Single Event Upsets (SEU). In order to avoid data corruption due to SEU's a novel fault tolerant model of AES is presented which is based on the Hamming error correction code.This reduces the data corruption and increases the performance. As a result we can identify the error and also we can encrypt the image as color. Thus the data corruption due to Single Event Upset can be avoided and the performance was increased.

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