The higher the total body weight at birth, the higher the rate of macrosomia. Macrosomia had implications for high morbidity and mortality in the mothers and their infants. Delivery methods need to be evaluated. Caesarean section should be more readily used.

Patients who are in haemorrhagic shock from ruptured uterus and refuse blood transfusion can still be salvaged in a low resource setting. The study adds evidence that major operative procedures can be carried out on Jehovah's Witness patients without blood transfusions or blood products.

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Our study shows that there is an increased risk of antenatal anemia, multiple pregnancy, primary postpartum hemorrhage, and adverse perinatal outcomes in grandmultiparous women independent of maternal age.

RESULTS: There were 656 surveys sent with a 23% response rate. The mean knowledge score was 7.08, out of a maximum of 14. Respondents from ob/gyn had a higher mean knowledge score than emergency medicine (mean 7.5 vs 6.2, P5.005). Ulipristal acetate was not recognized by 39% of ob/gyns, 86% of EM physicians, and 47% of other physicians as an effective method of EC. Respondents who reported greater confidence with EC had higher mean knowledge scores (P5.03). Only 63% of ob/gyns reported ever having discussed EC with their patients.CONCLUSION: Physician knowledge of EC is limited across multiple specialties. Increasing physician education about EC may improve patient counseling and promote uptake.