With the worldwide vaccination campaign against the COVID-19 pandemic, a constant increase of cutaneous and extracutaneous adverse effects have been reported. Various immune-mediated diseases (IMD) flares or new disease onset after SARS-CoV2-vaccination has been described. 1 A few cases of Dermatomyositis (DM)/polymyositis (PM) after immunization with different vaccines have been reported in patients with possible genetic predisposition.
Panniculitis has various etiologies. One of the less common causes is trauma and hence traumatic fat necrosis (FN). These soft tissue injuries usually appear on the shins, thighs, breasts, arms, and buttocks. FN is mainly caused by trauma and may be associated with other conditions such as pancreatic disease. FN arising after intramuscular injections is uncommon and usually appears as firm, encapsulated, mobile, nontender, and solitary or multiple subcutaneous nodules.We report an interesting case of FN caused by intramuscular injections of cefazolin and meglumine antimoniate (MA) in a 38-year-old female patient. MA is regarded as the first-line systemic treatment for cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL).However, these drugs are not devoid of various potentially adverse reactions.
Background
Erysipeloid cutaneous leishmaniasis (ECL) is known as the chronic form of cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL). However, keeping its clinical presentation in view, there is a need to revisit this form of the disease.
Aims
To describe ECL in view of clinical features and treatment modalities.
Methods
We include a case series seen in Sfax (Southern Tunisia) from January 2017 to January 2021. All patients clinically suggestive and laboratory confirmed with a diagnosis of CL were registered. Patients of all age groups and of either gender having cutaneous lesions resembling erysipela on the face were included in the study. Different demographic features of the patients and clinical aspects were identified. Descriptive statistics were used for analysis.
Results
Of 1300 registered patients with CL, 40 (3%) were diagnosed as ECL. Ages ranged from 15 to 65 years, and duration of lesions varied from 15 to 180 days. All patients had lesions over the face. Clinically, a painful infiltrated inflammatory placard of the central facial area with a butterfly shape was observed in 14 cases, as well as zones of the cheekbone (11 cases), cheekbone and nose (5 cases), cheekbone and eyelid (8 cases), and cheekbone with ear (2 cases). Several therapeutic methods were prescribed with a sufficient result with no recurrence.
Conclusion
ECL is a rare presentation that typically occurs on the face, looking like erysipelas, in patients who are native from an endemic region of CL.
has no conflict of interest to declare. Emilio de Dios Bern a-Rico has no conflict of interest to declare. Ana Melian-Olivera has no conflict of interest to declare. Carmen Moreno-Garcia del Real has no conflict of interest to declare. Diego Fern andez-Nieto has no conflict of interest to declare.
Funding sourcesThe article has no funding source.
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