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SUMMARYMonolayers of canine kidney (MDCK) and human lower intestinal (T84 and HCT-8) cell lines generated significant transepithelial electrical resistance (700-5000 Q cm2). Electrical integrity was maintained upon acidification of the apical and/or basolateral surfaces to pH 3-0, and this was associated with increased transepithelial electrical resistance, and generation of a potential difference at pH < 4-5. These results indicate that resistance to acid is a general phenomenon of epithelial layers, and that monolayers of epithelial cells, including those of human origin, are a homogeneous and simple model for studying epithelial barrier function in vitro.