This study aimed to evaluate third generation biodiesel production by microalgae Phormidium autumnale using cassava processing wastewater as a platform. Experiments were , respectively. The composition of this oil is predominantly saturated (60 %) and monounsaturated (39 %), resulting in a biodiesel that complys with U.S., European and Brazilian standards. The technological route developed indicates potential for sustainable production of bulk oil and biodiesel, through the minimization of water and chemical demands required to support such a process.
RESUMO -O objetivo do trabalho foi avaliar a produção de biodiesel 3G partir de efluentes do abate e processamento de bovinos por Phormidium autumnale. Os experimentos foram realizados em biorreatores de coluna de bolhas, nas condições de 100 mg/L de inóculo, pH ajustado a 7,5, reator isotérmico operando a 20ºC, aeração contínua de 1VVM e ausência de luminosidade. Os resultados demonstraram uma produtividade em biomassa de 29,7 mg/L.d em paralelo a uma produtividade lipídica de 4,57 mg/L.d. Os ácidos graxos de maior representatividade foram os ácidos oléico, palmitoléico e esteárico com 27%, 15% e 13%, respectivamente. As propriedades de combustão do biodiesel 3G indicaram adequacidade em relação às normas internacionais para biodiesel, demostrando o potencial de exploração desta rota tecnológica.
RESUMO -O objetivo do estudo foi avaliar a produção de biodiesel de terceira geração a partir de cultivos heterotróficos de Phormidium sp. em xilose. Os experimentos foram conduzidos em um biorreator de coluna de bolhas com relação altura/diâmetro (L/D) igual a 1,28 e volume de trabalho de 2L. As condições experimentais foram razão carbono/nitrogênio de 68, concentração inicial de inóculo de 100mg/L, pH de 7,6, temperatura de 30ºC, aeração constante de 1VVM (volume de ar por volume de meio por minuto) e ausência de luminosidade. A concentração celular e o consumo de carbono orgânico foram avaliadas a cada 24 horas, durante as fases de crescimento do microrganismo e, ao final do cultivo, realizou-se a análise lipídica e a avaliação da qualidade do biodiesel. Os resultados demonstraram uma produtividade de biomassa de 952,1 mg/L.d em paralelo a uma produtividade lipídica de 5,0 mg/L.d. Os ácidos graxos de maior representatividade foram os ácidos cáprico, caprílico e palmítico com 53,70%, 28,65% e 10,50%, respectivamente. As propriedades de combustão do biodiesel 3G indicaram adequacidade em relação às normas internacionais para biodiesel.
RESUMO -The aim of this research was to evaluate the kinetic modeling of the substrate (chemical oxygen demand) limitation in heterotrophic microalgal cultures. The experiments were carried out in a bubble column bioreactor in batch mode at 30ºC, pH 8.0, absence of light, 1VVM and C/N ratio of 50. The limitation for chemical oxygen demand was investigated through of four models (Monod, Teissier, Moser, Contois). The Moser model was found to be sufficient to describe the substrate (COD) limitation, as evidenced by the statistical criteria. The predictions indicate maximum specific growth rate of 0.055h -1 and a saturation constant of 86.25mgCOD.L -1 .
Commercial lipase Novozym 435 was used to catalyse the transesterification of a mixture of waste cooking oil and soybean oil with methanol. A central composite experimental design was performed to analyze the effects of lipase dosage, waste cooking oil content in the mixture, and reaction time on the methyl ester yield. Lipase dosage and waste cooking oil content were the most significant variables after statistical analysis. The highest yield, 98.04%, was obtained using 12.5% of lipase, a mixture containing 50% of waste cooking oil after 10 h of reaction. The lipase was reutilized and showed a good operational stability since the yield was reduced by 6% even after five batches. Two kinetic models, Power Law and Eley-Rideal, were used to model the production process and correlate the experimental results.
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