Pt(II)-BODIPY complexes combine the chemotherapeutic activity of Pt(II) with the photocytotoxicity of BODIPYs. Additional conjugation with targeting ligands can boost the uptake by cancer cells that overexpress the corresponding receptors. We describe two Pt(II) triangles, 1 and 2, built with pyridyl BODIPYs functionalized with glucose (3) or triethylene glycol methyl ether (4), respectively. Both 1 and 2 showed higher singlet oxygen quantum yields than 3 and 4, due to the enhanced singlet-totriplet intersystem crossing. To evaluate the targeting effect of the glycosylated derivative, in vitro experiments were performed using glucose transporter 1 (GLUT1)-positive HT29 and A549 cancer cells, and noncancerous HEK293 cells as control. Both 1 and 2 showed higher cellular uptake than 3 and 4. Specifically, 1 was selective and highly cytotoxic toward HT29 and A549 cells. The synergistic chemo-and photodynamic behavior of the metallacycles was also confirmed. Notably, 1 exhibited superior efficacy toward the cisplatin-resistant R-HepG2 cells.
The performance of encapsulated ionic liquid (ENIL) sorbents has been experimentally evaluated in CO 2 /CH 4 separation by means of gravimetric and fixed-bed measurements. Six ionic liquids (ILs) with CO 2 chemical absorption ([Emim][Acetate], [Bmim][Acetate], [P 66614 ][CNPyr], [Bmim][GLY], [Bmim][MET], and [Bmim]-[PRO]) were selected for the selective separation of CO 2 from CH 4 . ENIL materials were prepared by encapsulation of these ILs in synthesized carbon submicrocapsules, achieving a ∼70% in mass of IL. Fixed-bed experiments of CO 2 capture were carried out to evaluate the CO 2 /CH 4 separation performance of prepared ENIL materials at different CO 2 partial pressures and 303 K. Both thermodynamics and kinetics of CO 2 sorption were analyzed. The experimental CO 2 and CH 4 isotherms in ENIL materials obtained from fixed-bed experiments were successfully compared to those obtained by reliable gravimetric tests and fitted to the Langmuir− Freundlich equilibrium model. In addition, experimental CO 2 breakthrough curves were well-described by the linear driving force and Yoon and Nelson kinetic models, providing sorption rate constants. ENIL sorbents show high CO 2 uptake capacity, comparable to conventional adsorbents, but with drastically higher selectivity, in concordance with the negligible CH 4 solubility in ILs at the used operating conditions, with acetate-based ENIL materials being the best sorbents in thermodynamic terms. The obtained kinetic parameters revealed that the CO 2 chemical sorption with ENIL materials overcomes the IL mass transfer limitations. The sorption rates are faster than those obtained with ENIL using IL physical absorbents and seem to be controlled by the reaction kinetics. The [P 66614 ][CNPyrr]-based ENIL is found to be the most promising material, combining favorable kinetic and thermodynamic considerations for future development of CO 2 /CH 4 separation using fixed-bed technology.
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