Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) is a potentially fatal disease in the newborn period. Although the condition has been recognized for many years,1 the etiology is poorly understood. NEC following umbilical venous exchange transfusion has been reported.2-6 In each reported instance, the umbilical venous catheter tip was either malpositioned in the liver or portal vein or its location was unknown. We report an infant who developed NEC following umbilical venous exchange transfusion, in whom the catheter tip was located in the inferior vena cava. CASE REPORT Baby boy U, weighing 3,495 gm at birth, was born by normal spontaneous vaginal delivery after 40 weeks' gestation.

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