Background:Cancer is a disease that evokes wide spread fear among people and is one of the leading causes of deaths in the world. Diethylnitrosamine (DEN) is a known carcinogen in rodent liver. DENs reported to undergo metabolic activation by cytochrome P450 enzymes to form reactive electrophiles that cause oxidative stress leading to cytotoxicity, mutagenicity and carcinogenicity.Objective:The present study was carried out to evaluate the antioxidant activity of ethanolic extract of Tinospora cordifolia (EETC) in N-nitrosodiethylamine (DEN) induced liver cancer in male Wister albino rats.Materials and Methods:The antioxidant activity was assessed by the levels of lipid peroxidation (LPO), enzymic and nonenzymic antioxidants.Result:A significant levels of LPO was increased as the enzymic and nonenzymic antioxidants values were decreased in liver cancer bearing animals.Conclusions:The administration of EETC to cancer bearing animals reverted the LPO levels, enzymic and nonenzymic antioxidants to near normal

Gestational Diabetes mellitus is the condition of glucose intolerance that begins during pregnancy which is associated with both fetal and maternal complications. The measurement of serum fructosamine and glycated hemoglobin in normal and diabetic pregnancy used to investigate the influence of maternal and gestational age on concentrations of glycated proteins in serum and used to evaluate the patient's treatment. This study was done to measure the level of serum fructosamine and Glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) in Gestational Diabetes mellitus (GDM) patients and to compare with pregnant women without diabetes and healthy non-pregnant adults, to determine the pattern of change in serum fructosamine, influence of serum fructosamine and HbA1c values and to evaluate the efficacy of patient's treatment. In this study the level of fructosamine was positively correlated to HbA1c during 2nd trimesters of gestational period, implying that the level of fructosamine can be used to screen Gestational diabetes mellitus. Correlation of glycated hemoglobin values with serum fructosamine measurements in the accurate determination of glycaemic control provides confirmation of the utility of fructosamine measurement.

Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers belongs to the family Poaceae is a grass native to North Africa, Asia and Australia and southern Europe. The phenolic fraction of Cynodon dactylon (Linn) (CDP) was evaluated for its cardio-protective activity using isolated frog´s heart perfusion method. The negative inotropic and chronotropic activities were recorded using kymograph. The CDP produced negative inotropic and chronotropic actions on isolated frog heart. The pharmacological effect was selectively inhibited by atropine indicating that these might have been mediated through muscarinic receptor.

Context: Diabetes mellitus is a group of syndromes characterized by hyperglycemia, altered metabolism of lipids, carbohydrates and proteins and an increased risk of complications from vascular diseases. Filicum decipiens Wight & Arn., (Sapindaceae) and Ventilago madraspatana Gaertn., (Rhamnaceae) are traditionally used for diabetic and other different folk medical uses. Objective: The present study compares the antihperglycemic activity exerted by methanolic extracts of Filicum decipiens (400 mg/kg), Ventilago madraspatana (400 mg/kg), rutin (100 mg/kg), quercetin (50 mg/kg) and combined treatment of rutin with quercetin (100 mg/kg+ (50 mg/kg) on diabetic rats. Material and methods: Methanolic extracts of Filicum decipiens and Ventilago madraspatana leaves were prepared and isolated by soxhlet and solubilization method. Rats were made diabetic by a single dose of streptozotocin (45 mg/kg i.p.). The animals with fasting blood glucose level more than 250 mg/dL were given methanolic leaves extract of Filicum decipiens (400 mg/kg), Ventilago madraspatana (400 mg/kg), quercetin (50 mg/kg), rutin (100 mg/kg) and rutin with quercetin (100 mg/kg + 50 mg/kg) were administered for 45 days and screened for antidiabetic activity. Results and discussion: After 45 days we observed that supplementation with combined dose of rutin and quercetin significantly (p<0.05) decreased glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA 1 C) (6.01 mg/g ) and increased the levels of plasma insulin 11.98 μU/mL, hemoglobin 12.12 g/dL, urea 42.16 mg/dL, creatinine 1.41 mg/dL, plasma sodium141.00 mEq/L and urinary potassium 5.11 mEq/L and decrease the activities of enzymatic antioxidant upon STZ treatment and also significantly (p<0.05) reversed the altered levels and activities of above mentioned diabetic, renal and antioxidant markers in experimental rats as compared to their individual supplementation. Conclusion: Summed effect of quercetin with rutin seems to have a promising value for the development of a potent phytomedicine for diabetic nephropathy.