Organic waste is one of the major wastes producing substances in the world. Recycling is done on plastics and other materials due to its high cost. The major constituents of concrete are cement and posses’ certain properties that cannot be replaced by any material. Usage of cement leads to environmental pollution, greenhouse effect. Replacement of cement with organic waste will reduce the cost, time and also reduces pollution. This paper focuses on replacement of cement partially with organic waste ash in 5%, 10% and 15% by weight on mechanical properties of concrete. The XRF test is used and the result shows organic waste ash is not a pozzolanic substance. The optimum performance is obtained at 5% replacement of cement by weight.

This paper deals with the study of behavior of RC frames design for gravity (GF) and earthquake load (EQF). Nonlinear push over analysis was done using SAP on the models (GF & EQF). The functioning of RC frame is estimated in terms of displacement, shear, and performance point and inters story drift. The results from push over analysis for GF and EQF are compared with each other. An approach of the performance level of a 2D frame (PBF) has been done by using the Deformation based earthquake design with the displacement required to be achieved for the performance level as specified in FEMA 356. Here the yield strength is calculated for the required target displacement and the PBF frame is redesign by strength based. Hinges are developed in the ground floor vertical member while carried out the seismic design and only in beams in EQF this represent the strong beam column weak beam concept is applied and inter-story drift is more in top floor for GF and almost similar in all the floors for EQF. Yield shear strength obtained is almost equal to that of the analysis for Performance based frame.

Nano particles are minute materials ranging sizes from 1 to 100 nm. The different classes of nano particle are classified based on their sizes, shapes and properties. The fame of Nanomaterials (NMs) in methodological advancements due to their biological, chemical and physical properties are developing based on their performance. The superiority of using the different types of nanoparticles in the construction field are immense, resulting in extraordinary performance in chemical and physical properties of the modified construction material. Commonly used nanoparticles in the construction sector are copper, carbon nanotubes, titanium dioxide, silica, aluminium oxide and clay. The development of nanoparticles is observed in construction reflecting in adoptive industries, demand and production. The main objective is to analyse and study the history, types, applications and uses in construction.

Ordinary Portland cement manufacturing can be affected to over 5 per cent of global CO2 emissions a demand for cement continues to rise. The architecture sector led planners and architects to look for alternate cemented materials for potential use in concrete buildings. Such natural admixtures like metakaolin and kenaf fibres can be used to alter pozzolanic behaviour and mechanical properties in concrete. The chemicals used by the SCM in construction to replace cement such as metakaolin not only minimize carbon dioxide emissions, but also greatly increase workability and longevity. The metakaolin is replaced with cement in 5%,10%,15% and 20% by its weight. The Kenaf fibre is added in concrete about 0.5% and 1% by the volume fraction of cement.

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