No abstract

Giant Snowdrop (Galanthus elwesii Hook) is a species of snowdrop belonging to the Amaryllidaceae family. In this study, the deformation rates of the bulbs was calculated as % (percent). For sterilization G. elwesii bulbs were sterilized at different concentrations (1, 3, 5, 7, 9, 11 and 13 %) of sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) for 5, 10, 15, 20, 25 minutes. The bulbs were rinsed with sterile distilled water 3 times for 5 minutes and then transferred to the MS medium. Contamination rates in MS nutrient medium were determined as percent (%) after 7 days. Deformation was not observed in the bulbs sterilized with 1 and 3% sodium hypochlorite solution however 100% contamination was detected. The most effective surface sterilization was obtained by soaking in 9-11% sodium hypochlorite solution for 5 and 10 minutes. As the sodium hypochlorite concentration and the application time increased, the surface sterilization of the bulbs increased, but the deformation rate of the scaly leaves of the bulbs increased due to this increase.

Sulama suları ve toprak kaynaklı tuzluluk, önemli bir sorun olarak karşımıza çıkmaktadır. Priming tohumların belli sürede saf su veya farklı sulu solüsyonlarda bekletilmesi şeklinde uygulanan ve çimlenme gücünü artıran bir uygulamadır. Farklı tuz stresi ve priming uygulamalarının tohum kalitesine etkilerinin belirlenmesi amacı ile yapılan çalışmada Manisa Kırkağaç bölgesinden elde edilen İpsala çeşidi kavun tohumları kullanılmıştır. Kavun tohumları saf su (0 mM NaCl) ve yüksek dozda (140 mM NaCl) tuz stresi koşullarında çimlendirilmiş ve öncesinde farklı priming uygulamalarına tabi tutulmuştur. Çalışmada priming uygulamaları olarak bitkisel kaynaklı kekik (Origanum vulgare subsp. hirtum), adaçayı (Salvia officinalis L.) uygulamalarının yanısıra KNO3 (50 mM) ve saf su uygulamaları yer almıştır. Çalışmada, priming uygulamaları ile tohumda önemli kalite parametrelerinden olan çimlenme oranı (%) ve çimlenme hızı (gün) parametrelerinin artışı daha belirgin olmuştur. Çalışma değerlendirildiğinde, adaçayı ve kekik kullanılarak yapılan priming uygulamalarının daha etkili olduğu görülmüştür.

In plants, knowing the ploidy level of plant material used in breeding studies, and especially for biotechnology applications, carries great importance. The presence of a rapid variety of dynamics in citrus fruits allows their use as rootstock and varieties ensuring adaptability to various climate and soil conditions with different breeding methods. A variety of appropriate rootstocks are used for commercial citrus species. This study investigated the genome sizes and ploidy levels in citrus rootstocks commonly used around the world with flow cytometry in seedling populations. The study used Gou-Tou, C-35, Troyer Citrange, Taiwanica, Citremon, Yuzu, Sunki mandarin, Flying Dragon, Yuma Citrange, Macrophylla and Chinese orange rootstocks. Fresh leaf tissues were mixed with the triploid Tahiti lime leaf tissue, used as standard species, and cell nuclei were isolated. Cells stained with propidium iodide were read with flow cytometry and histograms and cytograms were obtained. According to the obtained results, all seedlings of species had diploid genome volumes. In terms of genome volume, there were differences found between species. Yuzu seedlings were determined to be the species with largest genome volume (0.808 pg/2C), while Flying Dragon trifoliate had smallest genome volume (0.700 pg/2C).

Today, among the wastes that harm the environment, there are many wastes such as cleaning agent wastes and expired drugs. In addition to these wastes, agricultural wastes are an important issue. The vast majority of agricultural wastes are wastes containing high cellulose. Agricultural wastes include tobacco plant waste, vineyard and fruit tree pruning residues, wheat straw, cob, cotton stalk, mushroom compost residues, corn stalk, husk, rice bran, pulp, lentil waste, wood shavings, bean straw, leather waste, soybean straw, wastes consisting of a dysfunctional irrigation system and plastic mulches. Gases especially causing greenhouse gas effect (carbon dioxide, methane, nitrous oxide and other) which are released by the destruction of agricultural and other wastes by burning, accumulate in the atmosphere, causing global warming and negatively affecting the climate. The study has been compiled with the aim of revealing solutions for the use or recycling of agricultural wastes that cause greenhouse gases when destroyed by incineration.