Objective Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused a universal psychosocial impact and individuals exposed to threats prefer to try self-care interventions and adhere to non-conventional approaches such as traditional and complementary medicine (T&CM) for preventive purposes. This study was conducted to determine the use and belief about T&CM among the general population during the COVID-19 outbreak. Method A cross-sectional online survey was carried out among the general population (aged ≥ 18 years) of Adana, Turkey during the strict lockdown period (April 11 to April 30, 2020). The survey instrument included details about sociodemographic characteristics, general information, T&CM use and beliefs was distributed among eligible participants via social media channels (Instagram, WhatsApp and Facebook accounts). Results Out of the total 389 participants, almost 39.3% (n=153) of the participants were the T&CM user and 60.7% were non-T&CM user during COVID-19 in this study. Additionally, 61 (39.8%) participants reported the usage of more than one form of T&CM modalities. Most of them used herbal medicine (30.8%), followed by nutritional supplements/vitamins (23.8%). Around 33.9% (n=52 out of 153 T&CM user) of participants did not report T&CM use to their family physicians. A statistically significant difference was observed between T&CM users and non-T&CM users in gender, age, marital status, level of education, income, and prior use of T&CM (p<0.05). Social media (n=204; 52.4%) was the primary source of information for T&CM use. Overall, 33.7%, 54.8% and 39% of the participants believed that T&CM therapies are effective, have fever side-effects/safe and should be use for COVID-19 respectively. Consclusion During the outbreak of COVID-19, a significant proportion of the population reported the use of T&CM. Different beliefs about T&CM were also observed. Better-structured T&CM-specific educational programs, enhanced physician-patient communication and access to reliable information by authentic sources are needed for the appropriate T&CM use during pandemics in Turkey.

Background Pharmacovigilance is an identifying and responding process against an adverse drug reaction (ADRs) problem encountered in the drug administration. ADRs are among the common reasons for morbidity and fatality in pediatrics throughout the globe. Main body A systemic review of the previous 10 years (2010–2019) published studies were taken into consideration to describe observational studies on ADRs and to determine the incidence and characteristics of ADRs in pediatrics. Electronic relevant literature was searched in PMC, PubMed, Google Scholar, and OvidSP databases using MESH heading and text words. The titles, text, and abstracts were checked for patients below 18 years of age, nature of ADRs, observational studies (prospective or retrospective), and maximum information was recorded to count their frequency. The studies which discussed specific or particular drug exposures were not selected in this review. Of the 36,689 titles retrieved, 27 studies were selected for full-text review. Ten observational studies were added in the final review. Observational studies on pediatric were carried out in seven distinct nations. The predominant study design within observational methodological studies was prospective (n = 5, 50%). The overall average occurrence of ADRs incidence was 9.52%. ADRs reporting in male patients (54.6%) were more than females (45.4%). The severe types of ADRs were reported in four studies. Anti-microbials were the most common class of drugs related to ADRs. Conclusion This systematic review reveals that ADRs in pediatrics are serious public health problems. Periodic drug surveillance studies are mandatory for the safe and appropriate usage of medicines in pediatrics.