Market traders have a significant contribution to GDP in Indonesia; however, their level of education is still low. This leads to a high level of financial vulnerability, so it is important to study this issue, and there is still not enough research on financial vulnerability. Market traders are considered to be more vulnerable to fraud and poor financial management, and this is more common among female traders who have a relatively high level of consumption and economic dependence on men. This study aims to determine the effect of financial behavior and digital financial literacy on financial vulnerability. In addition, the gender interaction between the two relationships was also tested to better understand whether gender weakens or strengthens the relationship. Using a survey method on 278 market traders in Indonesia and hierarchical regression analysis, the results show that digital financial literacy and financial behavior have a negative significant influence on financial vulnerability of market traders. This means that low digital financial literacy and poor financial behavior lead to high financial vulnerability of market traders. In addition, the results of the interaction test show that the negative effect of financial vulnerability is greater for men than women. This is because men usually provide for their families, so they will always try to improve their financial performance and productivity. An important implication of this study is to provide recommendations to the government and associations to further improve the digital literacy skills of market traders, especially female traders through training or mentoring. AcknowledgmentThis research was funded by the Directorate of Research, Technology and Community Service (DRTPM) of the Indonesian Ministry of Education and Culture in 2022 with the National Competitive Basic Research Grant scheme.

Abstrak

<p>This study aimed to investigate the effect of life cycle at the critical point of the growth mature and mature-stagnant stages of discretionary accruals and the effect of company age on discretionary accruals. In addition, this study also examines the differences of discretionary accruals in growth-mature stage and mature-stagnant stage. The data observation in this study is financial statement data of 341 manufacturing companies listed on Indonesia Stock Exchange in 2015-2017. The dependent variable is discretionary accruals that focuses on the piecewise linear model and the independent variables are the life cycle and the company age. Life cycle grouped into two critical point stages, namely the growth-mature stage and the mature-stagnant stage. Multiple linear regression is used to test hypotheses. The results show that there is a negative effect on growth-mature and mature stagnant in critical points of the discretionary accruals and there is a positive effect on the company age on discretionary accruals. Moreover, this study also proves that there are differences in discretionary accruals at growth-mature stage and mature-stagnant stage.</p>

Kemampulabaan perusahaan merupakan pondasi utama dalam bisnis. Tanpa adanya laba yang cukup bisnis tidak dapat berjalan secara sempurna. Beberapa kondisi yang memungkinkan perusahaan memperoleh laba sangat tergantung dari kondisi perekonomian suatu Negara. Kondisi pandemi COVID-19 membawa banyak perubahan hingga saat ini. Kondisi pandemi mengharusnya perubahan pola hidup menjadi fokus pada kesehatan. Hal ini tentunya juga berdampak pada beberapa sektor perusahaan yang lain. Penelitian ini menguji kemampulabaan perusahaan pada sektor Kesehatan, Manufaktur dan Transaportasi-Logistik. Pemilihan sektor ini didasarkan pada analisa kondisi dan situasi selama pandemi yang merupakan sektor terdampak. Hasil penelitian mengungkapkan bahwa sebelum dan selama pandemi sektor kesehatan mengalami perbedaan yang signifikan yaitu mengalami kenaikan laba. Sektor manufaktur dan Transportasi-Logistik mengalami perbedaan signifikan yaitu mengalami penurunan laba. Berdasarkan hasil uji beda pada ketiga sektor tersebut secara signifikan terdapat perbedaan antar ketiga sektor tersebut

This research is important to do to find out the factors that affect the firm value. Therefore, researchers want to examine the effect of ADCE and environmental performance on firm value. Researchers used the 2016 GRI standards to measure environmental performance. The results of this study are expected to add/strengthen empirical evidence regarding legitimacy theory and the triple bottom line concept as well as deepen knowledge about what factors can affect firm value, which can be used as additional references for research. in the future and hopes to add to the company's initiatives in preserving the environment. This study provides the following conclusions accounting disclosure Carbon emissions have a negative effect on firm value and environmental performance has a positive effect on firm value. This means that if the environmental performance of a company is getting better, it can increase the value of the company because investors will give a positive response by buying company shares so that it can increase share prices which have implications for increasing company value. For the government, if ADCE is made as a regulation, what must be considered is to provide a third party as a verifier in the calculation of carbon emissions so that the ADCE disclosed by the company can be trusted. For companies, if they want to disclose carbon information voluntarily, it is better to choose which information should be disclosed.