The production of cyclic carbonates using CO 2 and epoxides has received great attention due to 100 % atom utilization. Herein, novel imidazolium-containing metalloporphyrins were synthesized as bifunctional catalysts for the cycloaddition reactions of epoxides and CO 2. The reaction conditions were optimized and analyzed with the response surface methodology. Under the optimum condition using Zn-porphyrin 1 as the catalyst, the turnover number (TON) and turnover number frequency (TOF) for the cycloaddition of CO 2 and ECH were 11,629 and 1,735, respectively. In addition, analysis of the RSM indicated that the CO 2 pressure had only a small impact on the yield. Based on this conclusion, the catalytic activity of 1 was further evaluated under mild conditions. Regardless of whether the CO 2 pressure is high or ambient, this Zn-porphyrin exhibited an excellent performance with a high turnover number frequency.

Two-dimensional (2D) heterostructures combine the advantageous features of different 2D materials and represent advanced electrode architectures for development of efficient energy storage devices. However, the common 2D heterostructures made by...

NiCoO2 (NCO) with desirable redox activity, high lithium storage capacity and distinct rock-salt structure has gained increasing attention toward application in next-generation lithium ion batteries (LIBs) in comparison with other...