It has been argued that the international cooperation needed to deal with global problems requires the development of a global community. We hypothesized that the sense of belonging to such a community would be promoted if we could increase a general sense of hopefulness about humanity and that such a sense of hopefulness would be influenced by the news to which persons are subjected. Participants were asked to visit news websites with different emotional tones. Those sent to a typical news site or to a fashion site showed a small but significant decrease in their sense of global community. Those sent to a nongovernmental organization (NGO) website featuring solutions-oriented news showed a significant increase. The latter site provoked greater admiration, appreciation, and hope, and less anger, disgust, and fear. Increase in a sense of global community was predicted by the extent to which the NGO site provoked both admiration and fear. Public Significance StatementNews about conflict and injustice is often presented in ways that produce negative feelings contributing to aggression, cynicism or disengagement. However, news that suggests solutions and offers positive role models, produces the hope and admiration that leads to the community engagement needed to achieve peace and justice.

In 2014, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration launched its first youth smoking prevention media campaign, "The Real Cost," with the goal of preventing cigarette smoking among at-risk youth aged 12−17 years in the U.S. This paper examines how the paid media strategy was developed, implemented, and refined between 2013 and 2016. Specifically, this paper discusses how research and best practices informed the media targeting strategy used to implement a multifaceted national campaign that successfully reached and influenced thousands of teens at risk for cigarette smoking. Supplement information: This article is part of a supplement entitled Fifth Anniversary Retrospective of "The Real Cost," the Food and Drug Administration's Historic Youth Smoking Prevention Media Campaign, which is sponsored by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration.

Strongyloides stercoralis is a helminth found in the soil and transmitted to humans through larval penetration of the skin. It is endemic across most of the tropical regions of the world. Infection with S. stercoralis commonly causes minimal or mild symptoms. This case report describes an interesting final diagnosis for a woman presenting with persistent nausea, vomiting and epigastric pain. Her evaluation included imaging and oesophagogastroduodenoscopy with biopsy. Her biopsy results revealed oesophageal candidiasis and disseminated strongyloidiasis. Important historical clues in this case included previous prolonged treatment with steroids, recent diagnosis of gram-negative bacteraemia, prior residence in Rwanda, and unknown predeparture treatment for S. stercoralis. She was ultimately treated with fluconazole and ivermectin with marked improvement in her symptoms.

This study has three aims: to create and validate a measure for the experience of human security, to begin exploring how the experience of security relates to the socioeconomic status of the community in which one resides and the emotional climate and culture of peace of one's nation, and to examine what personal factors influence the experience of security within different communities. To assess the security experienced by individuals, we developed a self-report questionnaire based on seven objective aspects of human security outlined by the United Nations: economic, food, health, environmental, personal, community, and political security. We compared middle and lower class communities in the United States and Costa Rica and examined the extent to which individuals depend upon themselves and others in these different communities. Our results show that it is possible to measure the experience of human security, that this experience depends more on national emotional climate than socioeconomic status, and that for community samples, a large part of human security depends on support from family and friends.One important aspect of emotional climate, the extent to which the people of a nation enjoy some degree of security, is essential for the establishment of a culture of peace. Security allows the openness required for change and the investment of energy for constructive action.As a construct, security has long been the focus of psychological inquiry. Maslow (1970) argued that only fundamental physiological needs (like food, water, and air) demand more individual attention and immediate satisfaction than the need for security (including shelter and protection from harm). Taken together,

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