Objective Concentrations of circulating sex hormones have been associated with a variety of diseases in women and are strongly influenced by menopausal status. We investigated the genetic architectures of circulating concentrations of estradiol, testosterone, and sex hormone binding globulin (SHBG) by menopausal status in women of European and African ancestry. Methods Using data on 229,966 women from UK Biobank, we conducted genome-wide association studies (GWAS) of circulating concentrations of estradiol, testosterone, and SHBG in premenopausal and postmenopausal women. We tested for evidence of heterogeneity of genetic effects by menopausal status and genetic ancestry. We conducted gene-based enrichment analyses to identify tissues in which genes with GWAS-enriched signals were expressed. Results We identified four loci (5q35.2, 12q14.3, 19q13.42, 20p12.3) that were associated with detectable concentrations of estradiol in both pre- and postmenopausal women of European ancestry. Heterogeneity analysis identified one locus for testosterone (7q22.1) in the CYP3A7 gene, and one locus that was strongly associated with concentrations of SHBG in premenopausal women only (10q15.1) near the AKR1C4 gene. Gene-based analysis of testosterone revealed evidence of enrichment of GWAS signals in genes expressed in adipose tissue for postmenopausal women. We did not find any evidence of ancestry-specific genetic effects for concentrations of estradiol, testosterone, or SHBG. Conclusions We identified specific loci that showed genome-wide significant evidence of heterogeneity by menopausal status for testosterone and SHBG. We also observed support for a more prominent role of genetic variants located near genes expressed in adipose tissue in determining testosterone concentrations among postmenopausal women.

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Purpose-Women with personal history of breast cancer (PHBC) are currently recommended to receive annual mammography for surveillance of breast cancer recurrence or new primary. However, given issues in accuracy with mammography, there is a need for evolving evidencebased surveillance recommendations with supplemental imaging. In this systematic review, we compiled and compared existing studies that describe the test performance of surveillance breast MRI among women with PHBC. Methods-We searched PubMed and EMBASE using MeSH terms for studies (2000-2019) that described the diagnostic characteristics of breast MRI in women with PHBC. Search results were reviewed and included based on PICOTS criteria; quality of included articles was assessed using QUADAS-2. Meta-analysis of single proportions was conducted for diagnostic characteristics of breast MRI, including tests of heterogeneity.

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