Background: Millard-Gubler syndrome is characterized by crossed paralysis affecting the members on one side of the body and the face on the opposite side. It results from the lesion of the medioinferior (base) region of the pons, compromising the corticospinal tract and the facial nerve fibers. This disorder can also be associated with abducens nerve palsy. The finding of this syndrome in patients with a diagnosis of Ischemic Stroke is uncommon. Objectives and Methods: Report the syndrome in 03 patients diagnosed with ischemic stroke in the territory of branches of the basilar artery due to involvement of the circumferential pontine artery that irrigates the tegumentary territory of the VI and VII nerves. Results: The patients presented with facial weakness with deviation of the labial commissure, with convergent strabismus of the eye bulb on the same side, in addition to contralateral motor deficit. A computed tomography revealed a hypodense lesion located anterior to the pons, suggesting ischemic stroke. In the evolution of the cases, one patient developed coma, with brainstem infarction due to thrombosis of the basilar artery, while the other 2 cases evolved without sequelae. The risk factors that led to this event will be discussed and compared. Conclusions: These cases reports have their importance justified by the unusual presentation of this pons stroke, and it reinforces the fundamental role of neurological semiology, assessment of risk factors and image, for correct early diagnostic suspicion and treatment.
Background: Ramsay Hunt syndrome or herpes zoster oticus is a disorder caused by the reactivation of the varicella zoster virus in the geniculate ganglion, a bundle of nerve cells in the facial nerve. Symptoms include acute facial nerve palsy, otalgia, loss of taste in the anterior 2/3 of the tongue, dry mouth and eyes, and erythematous vesicular rash in the ear canal, tongue and / or palate. Objectives and Methods: Describe the case of a male patient, 26 years old, with complete Ramsay Hunt syndrome, reporting pain in the right ear with tinnitus, difficult to close his right eye, odynophagia and pain in the anterior 2/3 of the tongue at right side. Results: On examination, the presence of vesicles with erythema was observed in the region of the right external auditory canal and the ear, as well as on the right palate and tongue. Upon inspection, he had peripheral facial paralysis on the right, associated with loss of taste in the anterior 2/3 of the tongue. The patient was treated with antiviral and corticosteroids, followed for 3 months, obtaining partial recovery from facial paralysis. The anatomy of the facial nerve and its pathophysiology due to the involvement of herpes zoster will be discussed. Conclusion: Ramsay Hunt syndrome is often described as the presence of peripheral facial paralysis and vesicles in the auditory canal and the ear. However, this rare case presented the complete condition with the presence of vesicles on the palate and the tongue.
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