The Zika outbreak of 2015-7 is a lens to analyse the positioning of abortion within in global health security. The sequelae of the virus almost exclusively affected newborn children, manifested through Congenital Zika Syndrome (CZS), and a focus on women at risk of, planning or being pregnant. At the global level, debate considered whether Zika would provide impetus for regulatory change for reproductive rights in Latin America, a region with some of the most restrictive abortion regulation in the world. However, regulatory change for abortion did not occur. We analyse why the Zika health emergency did not lead to any changes in abortion regulation through multi-method analysis of the intersection between Zika, health emergencies and abortion in Brazil, Colombia and El Salvador. These case study countries were purposefully selected; each had Zika infected women (albeit with differing incidence) yet represent diverse regulatory environments for abortion. Our comparative research is multi-method: framework analysis of key informant interviews (n = 49); content analysis of women's enquiries to a medical abortion telemedicine provider; and, policy analysis of (inter)national-level Zika response and abortion policies. We consider this within literature on global health security, and the prioritisation of a particular approach to epidemic control. Within this securitized landscape, despite increased public debate about abortion regulatory change, no meaningful change occurred, due to a dominant epidemiological approach to the Zika health emergency in all three countries and prominent conservative forces in government and within anti-abortion rights movements. Simultaneously, we demonstrate that regulation did not deter all women from seeking such service clandestinely.
Resumo Trata-se de um estudo teórico com o objetivo de avaliar o papel da telemedicina (e similares) no processo de trabalho em saúde, com ênfase no contexto particular da pandemia de Covid-19 e suas relações com processos de uberização. Foi realizada uma pesquisa bibliográfica no âmbito da sociologia do trabalho de viés marxista, a fim de precisar os processos estruturais que produzem essa determinada forma de organizar o trabalho em saúde. Posteriormente, analisaram-se documentos legais e notícias sobre a conjuntura da pandemia, com vistas a descrever como a telemedicina se situa nesse contexto e, em seguida, submetê-la ao crivo da teoria social de Marx. Constatou-se que essa forma de organizar o trabalho em saúde consiste em uma via de precarização do trabalho, ora chamada de uberização, desenvolvida sob a mediação subordinadora das plataformas digitais aos interesses do capital, em convergência com o modelo biomédico.
Objetivo: Conocer la frecuencia de rechazo parental en pacientes homosexuales de una unidad de medicina familiar. Métodos: estudio de tipo descriptivo donde se aplicó el instrumento de Rechazo Familiar de Lozano-Díaz (2010) a 39 padres de familia de homosexuales adscritos a la Unidad de Medicina Familiar n° 195 de Chalco, México. La muestra no probabilística y por conveniencia se obtuvo en la consulta de medicina familiar, con ayuda de trabajadores sociales, concertando citas con los padres de pacientes reconocidos como homosexuales. Resultados: 1) Hubo una mayor actitud negativa hacia la homosexualidad por la rama paterna; 2) Hubo un alto sentimiento de deshonra familiar por tener en la familia un hijo o hija homosexual; 3) Se consideró altamente desagradable la preferencia sexual hacia el mismo sexo; 4) No se aceptan los lazos matrimoniales entre parejas del mismo sexo. Conclusiones: Se puede afirmar que el rechazo parental al hijo/hija homosexual fue considerablemente alto en el grupo investigado. Cabe mencionar que estos pacientes deben ser abordados no sólo individualmente sino en su entorno familiar. La búsqueda de alternativas no biomédicas puede ayudar a la aceptación de la expresión homosexual, disminuyendo la discriminación en el ambiente familiar, y, por ende, en el institucional.
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