The aim of this study was to estimate patterns of dental services use in a medium-sized city in southern Brazil. A population-based cross-sectional study was conducted in a sample of 4,226 individuals aged 10 years and older. Poisson regression analysis was used to identify associated factors; 50.9% (95%CI: 49.3-52.4) of the sample had consulted a dentist in the previous year. Dental care attendance rates among adolescents, adults, and elders were 52.2%, 53.6%, and 37.2%, respectively. After adjusting for various confounders, the most important determinants of dental services use were: schooling >or= 9 years, high socioeconomic status, and self-reported oral health problems. In addition, adolescents and adults that rated their oral health as good showed 10% and 40% higher prevalence dental services use, respectively, when compared with those who rated their oral health as bad. Determining the prevalence of dental services use and users' characteristics can help policymakers plan future measures to make dental care available to population groups with low rates of dental services use.

Aim:The aim of this study was to evaluate the microleakage of seven adhesive systems on two substrates (enamel and dentin). Methods and Materials:Class V cavities were performed in buccal and lingual surfaces of 56 bovine incisors. The cervical margin was located in dentin and the incisal margin in enamel. The specimens were randomly divided into seven groups (n=16), according to the adhesive system employed: Single Bond; Excite; One Step Plus; Gluma One Bond; Magic Bond; One Up Bond F; and One Coat Bond. The cavities were incrementally filled with a hybrid composite Filtek Z250 and polymerized with a XL 3000 light curing unit. After polishing, the specimens were submitted to thermal cycling followed by dye immersion. Leakage was evaluated under magnification (40X) based on a standard ranking. Data were subjected to statistical analysis (Kruskal-Wallis).Results: Enamel margins exhibited lower leakage than dentin margins (p<0.01). The majority of the specimens were leakage-free and materials performed similarly. Conversely, in dentin most of the specimens exhibited the highest leakage degree and significant differences among materials (p<0.05) were found, with Excite exhibiting the lowest leakage degree. It was concluded enamel provided better sealing and the adhesive system was a significant factor only in dentin.

Background and Purpose: Exploring the differences of children's dietary behaviours from different nationalities could provide a reference for targeted nutritional interventions. This study aims to assess the dietary behaviours among Han, Tujia and Miao primary school students and the differences among the ethnic groups. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional survey included 556 primary school students (249 Han, 76 Tujia and 231 Miao students) aged 6-13 years from the representative minority areas of Chongqing, China. Data were collected with a self-administered or one-on-one interview-based questionnaire encompassing questions on sociodemographics, eating habits and dietary intake. Eating habits and dietary intake were categorized into health-protective and health-risk dietary behaviours. χ 2 tests were conducted to examine the differences in eating habits and dietary intake among the three ethnic groups. Forward stepwise logistic regression models were performed to check the factors affecting dietary intake. Results: Fewer than half of the students had health-protective dietary behaviours in terms of rice, fruit, fish, eggs and milk intake. Compared with Han students, Tujia students were more likely to meet the recommended intake of vegetables (OR = 2.13, 95% CI [1.22-3.69]), less likely to meet the recommended intake of meat (OR = 0.58, 95% CI [0.35-0.94]) and fish (OR = 0.55, 95% CI [0.32-0.94]); Miao students were more likely to meet the recommended intake of vegetables (OR = 1.73, 95% CI [1.20-2.51]), fruits (OR = 1.62, 95% CI [1.16-2.28]) and water (OR = 1.59, 95% CI [1.12-2.26]) than those of Han students. Conclusion: The low proportion of health-protective dietary behaviours among primary school students from Han, Tujia and Miao ethnicities was found in this study. There were differences in dietary behaviours among the three ethnic groups. This study could provide a reference for implementing national dietary guidelines in consideration of socioeconomic status, ways of preparing and consuming foods, traditional foods and customs of different ethnic groups.

ObjectivesThis study aims to assess the independent and combined associations between multiple lifestyle behaviours and academic grades of inner urban high school students (IUHSSs) and peri-urban high school students (PUHSSs).DesignA cross-sectional study was conducted.ParticipantsThere are 1481 high school students (49.9% boys) in this study, who were enrolled from one inner urban and two peri-urban schools in Chongqing, China.Outcome measuresAcademic grades were assessed based on the students’ self-reported grade ranking in the last cumulative examination.ResultsIn IUHSSs and PUHSSs, high frequency of sugar-sweetened beverage consumption was unlikely to obtain high academic grades (OR 0.56, 95% CI 0.32 to 0.99 and 0.63, 95% CI 0.42 to 0.96), respectively). Among IUHSSs, meeting the recommendations for weekday screen time and egg consumption (OR 1.57, 95% CI 1.06 to 2.34 and 1.60, 95% CI 1.04 to 2.47, respectively) and high frequency of fruit consumption (1.67, 95% CI 1.11 to 2.50) were significantly associated with high academic grades; meeting the recommendation for weekday sleep duration was unlikely to obtain high academic grades (0.46, 95% CI 0.21 to 0.98). Among PUHSSs, meeting the recommendations for weekend sleep duration (1.40, 95% CI 1.02 to 1.93) and eating dinner regularly (1.55, 95% CI 1.01 to 2.37) had significant associations with high academic grades. No significant associations were found between physical activity and academic grades in both IUHSSs and PUHSSs (p>0.05). Moreover, IUHSSs with 9–13 healthy lifestyle behaviours were 3.25 times more likely to achieve high academic grades than IUHSSs with 1–6 healthy lifestyle behaviours (3.25, 95% CI 1.96 to 5.40). No significant associations were found in the combined associations between multiple lifestyle behaviours and academic grades among PUHSSs (p>0.05).ConclusionsCorrelations were observed between lifestyle behaviours and academic grades among high school students, and cumulative associations between multiple healthy lifestyle behaviours and academic outcomes appear to be stronger than the independent associations. These findings are particularly applicable to IUHSSs.