L’étude a eu pour objectif d’évaluer l’efficacité d’un traitement combiné à base de progestérone intravaginale sur l’induction de l’oestrus de femelles croisées au Cameroun. Un total de 116 vaches Goudali (Bos indicus) x Charolaises (Bos taurus) ayant mis bas au moins une fois, sans antécédent pathologique, avec une note d’état corporel supérieure à 2, ont été sélectionnées dans des élevages du département de la Vina (arrondissement de Nyambaka). Elles ont été rassemblées dans un ranch et réparties en lots de 10 animaux. Le protocole d’induction et de synchronisation des chaleurs a consisté en la pose d’un dispositif intravaginal à base de progestérone (Prid Delta) pendant huit à neuf jours. Vingt-quatre heures avant son retrait, une injection de cinq millilitres de prostaglandine F2alpha (Dinoprost, Enzaprost) a été administrée. Au moment du retrait, 500 UI de gonadotropine chorionique équine ont été injectées. Cinquante-six heures après le retrait, l’insémination a été effectuée à heure fixe avec de la semence de taureaux Gyr et Brahman. Les taux d’induction de l’oestrus et de synchronisation, de rétention du dispositif intravaginal, de gravidité en première insémination, de fécondité, et d’avortement ont été respectivement de 100 %, 100 %, 56,0 %, 51,7 %, et 4,3 % (en % des vaches traitées). Le Prid Delta s’est révélé efficace pour l’induction des chaleurs et l’obtention de gravidités chez les vaches Goudali x Charolaises.
A study was conducted to determine the seroprevalence and risks factors of Coxiella burnetii in zebu cattle from the northern regions of Cameroon. From a total of 2016 (1754 females and 262 males) sera sampled, 801, 762 and 453 were collected, respectively, from Adamawa, North and Far North, and screened for Coxiella burnetii using indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (iELISA). A total of 23.76% (479/2016) were serologically positive. The seroprevalence of Adamawa, North and Far North were 29.09% (233/801), 19.95% (152/762) and 20.75% (94/453); respectively. The seropositivity of male and female were 4.58% and 26.62%; respectively. Cattle from Adamawa region were more likely to have been exposed to C. burnetii than animals from Far North region (OR = 3.28; 95%CI: 1.13–7.85; p = 0.02). The Gudali breed was significantly more infected than Aku (OR =2.52; 95%CI: 1.06–5.99; p = 0.03), and animals aged of (6–9) years were 1.89 times more likely to have been infected to C. burnetii than young animals (p = 0.03). The seropositivity to this bacterium was significantly associated to pregnant cattle than non-pregnant (OR = 1.71; 95%CI: 1.01–2.90; p = 0.04). Female cattle were more likely to have been infected by C. burnetii than male and the rainy season were 1.66 more associated to this disease than dry season. The linear regression model indicated that C. burnetii seropositivity were positively correlated to the regions (0.09, CI: 0.04; 0.18; p = 0.007), age (0.01, CI: −0.01; 0.04; p = 0.02), sex (0.19, CI: 0.08–0.32, p = 0.001) and physiological status (0.11, CI: −0.04; 0.26; p = 0.006). This study revealed that C. burnetii infection is widespread among zebu cattle of Adamawa, North and Far North of Cameroon.
A cross-sectional survey was conducted to investigate the knowledge, attitudes, practices and zoonotic risk perception of Q fever among 484 selected cattle farmers (438) and veterinary personnel (46) in three northern regions of Cameroon. Data collection was conducted using questionnaires and responses were recoded into binary scale. An ANOVA test was used to assess significant differences in mean knowledge, attitude, practice and zoonotic risk perception (KAPP) scores between regions, while Linear regression was done to explore the relationship between demographic characteristic and KAPP. Overall, surveyed had low mean scores for knowledge (0.02 ± 0.11), desirable attitude (0.30 ± 0.16), appropriate practice (0.43 ± 0.13) and negative perception of zoonotic risks (0.05 ± 0.11). The means knowledge, attitude, practice and risks perception scores of cattle farmers were lower than those of veterinary personnel. The nature of respondent was negatively associated to knowledge and risks perception, while regions were negatively correlated to attitude and practice. These results revealed significant knowledge gaps, low levels of desired attitudes, and high-risk behavioral practices. To improve awareness, control programs are needed to update knowledge on medical personnel and to prevent animal-to-human transmission.
L’étude, menée à l’abattoir municipal de Ngaoundéré, région de l’Adamaoua au Cameroun, visait à évaluer la population folliculaire et la qualité des ovocytes des vaches zébus locales en anœstrus anovulatoire. Sur 496 voies génitales examinées, 145 (29,2 %) présentaient un anœstrus anovulatoire. Le nombre moyen de follicules était de 37,5 ± 25,2 par vache. Le nombre de petits, moyens et grands follicules par vache était respectivement de 21,7 ± 18,7, 14,9 ± 12,1 et 0,9 ± 1,1. Les populations folliculaires des vaches cycliques ou en anœstrus anovulatoire étaient respectivement de 29,1 ± 18,1 et 41,9 ± 27,3 (p < 0,05). Le nombre d’ovocytes par vache était respectivement de 15,5 ± 4,5 et 15,6 ± 3,8 (p > 0,05) chez les vaches cycliques et en anœstrus anovulatoire. Le nombre d’ovocytes de grades I, II, III et IV était respectivement de 4,5 ± 4,1 (28,5 %), 4,1 ± 3,7 (26,2 %), 2,3 ± 2,4 (14,8 %) et 4,8 ± 5,6 (30,5 %). Cette étude a montré que l’anœstrus anovulatoire avait tendance à augmenter la population folliculaire mais n’avait aucun effet sur le nombre d’ovocytes récoltés. Le nombre d’ovocytes de grades I et II utilisables pour la maturation in vitro était significativement plus faible chez les vaches en anœstrus anovulatoire que chez les vaches cycliques (p < 0,05).
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