Glimepiride appears to be a useful option for patients with type 2 diabetes not controlled by diet and exercise and who want to achieve tight glucose control. Glimepiride can be used alone, in combination with other antihyperglycemic agents, or in patients with secondary sulfonylurea failure, as an adjunct to insulin therapy.
We tested the hypothesis that intermittent (lammas) shoot growth in Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii var menziesii (Mirb.) Franco) seedlings from dry regions of southwest Oregon is adaptively significant. Seedlings from open-pollinated families (160 total) from two inland (dry) and two coastal (wet) sources were grown under either well-watered or intermittent drought conditions (temporary drought followed by rewatering) for two growing seasons. In the first growing season, the results supported the hypothesis: the frequency of a second flush was genetically controlled (although weakly, h(f) (2) = 0.34); more seedlings, on average, from inland families than from coastal families displayed a second flush; and seedlings from inland families were more responsive to the intermittent drought regime in terms of increased frequency of a second flush (relative to the frequency in the well-watered regime). During the second growing season, the intermittent drought treatment did not promote intermittent shoot growth, although inland and coastal families had different patterns of shoot growth that reflected adaptations to soil water availability. We conclude that inland families have adapted to dry summers and short growing seasons by relying predominantly on predetermined growth for seedling height increment after the first growing season. In response to wetter and generally longer growing seasons, however, coastal families have developed a less regulated pattern of shoot extension and rely more on free growth.
For years, it has been recognized that "reasonable" control of blood glucose levels reduces the acute complications of diabetes mellitus. Recent studies have conclusively shown that strict glycemic control reduces the appearance and progression of chronic complications. Thus, strict glycemic control is the most salient goal of insulin therapy. Insulin regimens that closely mimic physiologic insulin secretory patterns have been inadequate because of limitations imposed by the pharmacokinetic profiles of commercially available preparations. The newer insulin analogues, both rapid-acting and long-acting, have more appropriate pharmacokinetic profiles. Lispro (Humalog) is the first human insulin analogue to be approved in the United States. Its pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic profile makes it amenable for use before meals. The search for long-acting and hepatospecific analogues continues.
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