The People's Republic of China (PRC) is increasingly open to foreigners undertaking social science fieldwork; yet obstacles remain. Working with ethnic minorities adds further complexities because of the sensitive topics such research may raise. Based on recent fieldwork among the Dong in southeast Guizhou, as the first foreign researcher to ask for and gain official permission to work in the region, this article exposes some of the challenges, both practical and methodological, of conducting research in the PRC. Gaining access to my field site was a long trek through the hierarchic maze of Chinese administration. While reflecting upon this process, I detail my negotiations with local authorities. I then examine how I found reliable statistical data, was able to access the voices of peasants, acted to protect the anonymity of dissident informants, and negotiated working with local research assistants once in the field. These aspects, in turn, highlighted the importance of considering positionality in the field. Although each person's experiences and routes to fieldwork are unique, there are recurrent issues that shape the research process in the PRC. I reflect upon a number of these here, in the hope that this can smooth the way for future researchers.
Cette note de recherche présente les données préliminaires d’une étude de cas : un petit village appelé Zhaoxing, situé au sud-est de la province du Guizhou en Chine. Depuis l’an 2000, le village de 4 000 habitants se modernise grâce au développement du tourisme. Ses quelque 800 maisons de bois nichées au creux d’une vallée sculptée de rizières, ses ponts couverts et ses tours tambours en font un site pittoresque, qui est devenu un arrêt incontournable pour un nombre toujours grandissant de touristes. Sur la base d’un terrain ethnographique approfondi (entre 2006 et 2007) et de courts séjours (entre 2000 et 2009), cet article présente quelques-unes des dynamiques impliquées dans le processus du développement touristique et économique du village. Il présente les différentes phases de développement entre 1980 et 2010 ainsi que les changements perçus par les habitants du village. Il révèle le jeu de pouvoir souvent inéquitable entre l’industrie touristique, le gouvernement local et les villageois.
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