Las entidades del medio rural regidas por los principios de comportamiento de la economía social podrían promover un desarrollo local sostenible en los espacios geográficos en los que se ubican, y contribuir al logro de la sostenibilidad integral a escala global. Para hacer realidad este propósito, se requieren indicadores que permitan su evaluación y seguimiento, y que contemplen los atributos específicos de las distintas familias del tercer sector. Este trabajo tiene por objetivo el planteamiento de métricas que hagan posible monitorizar el valor social para la sostenibilidad de una forma de asociacionismo agrario particular del ordenamiento jurídico español para la que aún no se han diseñado indicadores sociales específicos, las Sociedades Agrarias de Transformación (SATs). El contexto geográfico del estudio es el archipiélago canario, región ultraperiférica de la Unión Europea, e importante destino turístico internacional. De las SATs del conjunto insular, se ha tomado una como caso de estudio, y se ha utilizado la Contabilidad Social como sistema que posibilita el desarrollo de indicadores sociales específicos. La aportación esencial de este trabajo es que plantea métricas que permiten el seguimiento de la contribución a la sostenibilidad social de un grupo de entidades para la cual aún no existen. En desarrollos posteriores, tales indicadores podrían ser testados en otros entes de la misma naturaleza con el objeto de disponer de un conjunto de mínimos aplicable a esta familia de entidades de economía social.
RESUMENSe propone un planteamiento teórico/conceptual para determinar si las relaciones interorganizativas e interpersonales de la netchain de las cooperativas agroalimentarias evolucionan hacia una learning netchain. Las propuestas del trabajo muestran que el mayor grado de asociacionismo y la mayor cooperación/colaboración vertical a lo largo de la cadena están positivamente relacionados con la posición horizontal de la empresa focal más cercana del consumidor final. Esto requiere una planificación y una resolución de problemas de manera conjunta, lo que está positivamente relacionado con el mayor flujo y diversidad de la información/conocimiento obtenido y diseminado a lo largo de la netchain. Al mismo tiempo se necesita desarrollar un contexto social en el que fluya la información/conocimiento y las nuevas ideas de manera informal y esto se logra con redes personales y, principalmente, profesionales y con redes internas y, principalmente, externas. Todo esto permitirá una mayor satisfacción de los socios de la cooperativa agroalimentaria y de sus distribuidores y una mayor intensidad en I+D, convirtiéndose la netchain de la cooperativa agroalimentaria, así, en una learning netchain.Palabras clave: Cooperativa agroalimentaria, netchain, relaciones interorganizativas e interpersonales, red social y dirección estrategica.Claves ECONLIT: M15, L1, Q13.
Developments in anthropometric history in the Iberian Peninsula have been remarkable in recent decades. In contrast, we barely know about the behavior of insular population groups and infants’ and adults’ growth during the nutritional transition in the Canary Islands. This paper analyzes the height, weight and body mass index of military recruits (conscripts) in a rural municipality from the eastern Canaries during the economic modernization process throughout the 20th century. The case study (municipality of San Bartolomé (SB) in Lanzarote, the island closest to the African continent) uses anthropometric data of military recruits from 1907–2001 (cohorts from 1886 to 1982). The final sample is composed of 1921 recruits’ records that were measured and weighed at the ages of 19–21 years old when adolescent growth had finished. The long-term anthropometric study is carried out using two approaches: a malnutrition and growth retardation approach and an inequality perspective. In the first one, we use the methodology recommended by the World Health Organization (WHO) that is based on z-scores. In the second one, we implement several inequality dimensions such as the coefficient of variation (CV), percentiles and an analysis for height and BMI evolution by five socioeconomic categories. The data suggest that improvements in biological well-being were due to advances in nutrition since the 1960s. They show that infant nutrition is sensitively associated with economic growth and demographic and epidemiological changes.
Urban food markets can promote sustainable development through the generation of social value in the spaces where they are located and contribute to sustainability on a global scale. To measure this, indicators are required to evaluate and monitor these markets. Studies in this regard are scarce and often developed according to top-down schemes. This study seeks to remedy this relative deficiency and aims to design specific social sustainability metrics for these organizations from a bottom-up perspective. The Integrated Social Value model is used. This social accounting system is considered appropriate in this study due to the phenomenological approach on which it is based and is applied to a service cooperative located in the Canary Islands. The main contribution of this work is that new social sustainability indicators are obtained and applied to the analysis of an entity, and they are relevant and understandable to stakeholders. This would provide, in future developments, a system of sustainability indicators for similar organizations in Spain.
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