Objective: To determine and compare the concentrations of electrolytes and minerals in
three different types of maternal milk samples: term donor milk before
pasteurization, term donor milk after pasteurization and raw milk of mothers
of preterm newborns at bedside.Methods: Descriptive cross-sectional study. Concentrations of calcium (Ca),
phosphorous (P), magnesium (Mg), sodium (Na) and potassium (K) were measured
in random samples of three human breast milk groups. Samples were analyzed
using acid mineralization assisted by microwave radiation and further
analysis by inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry.
Concentrations were expressed in mg/L, described as mean and standard
deviation. The one-way ANOVA and Tukey’s post-test were applied to determine
the variability between the means of each group. Significance level was set
at 5%.Results: There was a significant reduction in the content of Ca (259.4±96.8
vs. 217.0±54.9; p=0.003), P (139.1±51.7
vs. 116.8±33.3; p=0.004) and K (580.8±177.1
vs. 470.9±109.4; p<0.0001) in donor maternal milk
before and after pasteurization. Samples of raw milk presented higher
contents of Na than the donated milk (twice). The elements P and Ca would
only reach the daily intake levels recommended by the European Society of
Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition if at least 60 mL of
milk could be offered every 3 hours. Mg levels were not different between
the three groups.Conclusions: There was a significant reduction in Ca, P and K levels in samples after
pasteurization. The Na value in raw milk, collected at bedside, was higher
than in the samples of donor’s milk before pasteurization.
Introdução: Na atualidade existe uma grande preocupação da equipe das unidades neonatais com os cuidados com a pele do neonato prematuro. Muitas vezes as unidades de saúde usam cuidados empíricos no cuidado com a pele dos mesmos, principalmente com relação ao banho. Objetivo: Avaliar e comparar a influência do banho com água e do banho com clorohexidina sobre a flora bacteriana nosocomial da pele do RNPT antes e após a execução do mesmo. Métodos: Quantitativo, prospectivo, randômico, experimental, de caso coorte cego para atingir o objetivo proposto. Ao nascimento o neonato foi sorteado recebendo um número que o identificava de acordo com o tipo de banho a ser executado, sendo (A) banho com água e (C) banho com clorohexidina a 2%. Resultados: Para o banho com clorohexidina a 2% dos onze sujeitos, quatro apresentaram presença de microrganismos. Quanto ao banho com água, no qual se obteve doze sujeitos, sete apresentaram resultados positivos para microrganismos. Conclusão: Após a execução dos banhos de acordo com a metodologia estabelecida neste estudo, observou-se que tanto o banho com clorohexidina a 2%, como o banho somente com água, são efetivos na remoção de microrganismos da pele dos recém-nascidos pré-termo.Palavras-chave: pré-termo, banho, emolientes.
Composição de eletrólitos e minerais e avaliação microbiológica do leite de lactantes a termo coletado antes e após a pasteurização e de leite cru de mães de recém-nascidos pré-termo à beira do leito.
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