This research investigated the variations in the occurrence of Salmonella, STEC O157:H7 and non-O157 in the beef production chain in Colombia affected by seasons, hypothesizing that pathogen prevalence will be highest in the rainy season owing to soil moisture promoting bacteria multiplication and transfer between animals. To test this hypothesis, samples were obtained from five abattoirs, which represent 50% of the beef production in this country. A total of 1017 samples were collected, from which 606 were bovine feces, 206 were hide swabs, and 205 corresponded to carcass post-intervention. From the 1017 samples, 49.9% (n ¼ 507) were collected during dry season, while 50.1% (n ¼ 510) during rainy season. All samples (n ¼ 1017) underwent screening for E. coli O157:H7 and Salmonella, while only a proportion of fecal samples (n ¼ 339) were screened for the big six STEC serogroups and their virulence markers. The effect of season, age of animal and sex of animal were correlated with the prevalence results. A total of 84.7% of fecal samples carried virulence genes associated to STEC (stx or eae), suggesting that testing and control should be increased for the big-six STEC compared to E. coli O157:H7. Pathogen prevalence in feces was found to be 8.3%, 5.0%, and 51.0% for Salmonella, E. coli O157:H7 and STEC non-O157, respectively. Hides had a prevalence of 15.0% and 6.8% of Salmonella and E. coli O157:H7, respectively. Carcasses post-intervention were found to have 4.4% and 2.5% prevalence of Salmonella and E. coli O157:H7, respectively. A seasonal effect was found for fecal samples. E. coli O157 and non-O157 STEC shedding were significantly higher (P 0.05) during rainy season compared to dry season. In contrast, hides and carcasses were more likely to present lower incidence of pathogens during rainy months compared to dry season; however, it was significant only for Salmonella on carcasses with estimated odds of detection almost six times higher in the dry season relative to the rainy season (OR ¼ 5.90, 95% CI 1.18-29.57).
Objetivo: Establecer la prevalencia de Salmonella ssp. (no tifoideas) en el Departamento de Nariño en superficies que entran en contacto con carne, productos y derivados cárnicos, en expendios, vehículos y manipuladores.Materiales y métodos: Estudio de corte transversal a partir de la recolección de una muestra y análisis en laboratorio.Resultados: Las superficies inertes y vivas en contacto presentan una moderada prevalencia de Salmonella spp., especialmente en los municipios de Pupiales y Puerres.Conclusiones: A pesar de la vigilancia epidemiológica y de que los establecimientos cuentan con los permisos sanitarios, se incumplen las medidas sanitarias y hay una considerable presencia de Salmonella spp.
Introducción: La pandemia por COVID-19, rápidamente se convirtió en una prioridad en salud pública a nivel mundial entre 2020 y 2022, tiempo donde se desarrollaron y aprobaron en tiempo récord biológicos, el objeto de la presente investigación es medir el impacto de la vacunación en la letalidad por COVID 19 en una aseguradora del suroccidente colombiano. Metodología: Se realizó un estudio observacional transversal con intención analítica, en afiliados activos a la aseguradora, detectados y confirmados con pruebas PCR o antígeno, para calcular la letalidad se realizó el cociente defunciones y número de casos confirmados en el periodo de estudio, las fuentes para la morbimortalidad fueron SIVIGILA, SISMUESTRAS, SEGCOVID, RIPS y RUAF; mientras la fuente de la población vacunada fue PAIWEB y un aplicativo web 2.0, Resultados: Desde el primer caso registrado el 17 de marzo de 2020 al 30 de agosto de 2022 la aseguradora registró 97.274 casos de COVID 19, y 3.619 fallecidos resultando una letalidad de 3,7%, la mayoría se confirmó por pruebas de antígeno y entre los casos en el periodo posvacunación la cobertura efectiva de dosis 1 fue alrededor del 30%, en todas las dosis los biológicos más frecuentes fueron Sinovac y Pfizer. Conclusiones: la letalidad se asoció significativamente con la exposición a la vacunación siendo inferior en población inmunizada con al menos una dosis, en todos los grupos de edad (p valor 0,0001 < 0,05)
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