El trabajo de investigación tuvo como objetivo general, evaluar el efecto diferentes distancias entre plantas con dosis creciente de fertilizantes minerales en cultivo de soja (Glycine max L.). Se realizó en la localidad de San Marcos km 34 de la Ruta V Gral. Bernardino Caballero, distante a 7 Km de la Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias/Universidad Nacional de Concepción, sede Horqueta. El diseño experimental utilizado fue el de Bloques Completos al Azar (DBCA), con un arreglo factorial de 2x5 (dos distancias entre plantas y cinco dosis de fertilizante mineral). Los tratamientos utilizados fueron: factor A: (0,10 cm/pl y 0,20 cm/pl); factor B: (0, 100, 200, 300 y 400 kg.ha-1 de 00-30-20). Los datos obtenidos, se sometieron a análisis de varianza, comparación de medias por el test de Tukey y análisis de regresión. Los tratamientos aplicados influyeron significativamente para el número de vainas por planta, peso de mil granos y rendimiento del cultivo; pero no se observó diferencias en cuanto al número de granos por vaina. Se concluye que la distancia de siembra de 10 cm entre plantas (Factor A) y 300 kg ha-1 de fertilizante mineral (Factor B), presentó mayor rendimiento en el cultivo de soja.
El cultivo del maíz tiene mucha importancia en Paraguay, siendo principal rubro de los productores de la zona, por esta razón es necesario la aplicación de fertilizante nitrogenado para incrementar la producción, además la importancia del momento de la aplicación. El objetivo del trabajo fue evaluar la aplicación de nitrógeno en diferentes estadios fenológicos en el cultivo de maíz. El experimento se realizó en Santa Elena, Distrito de Belén, Departamento de Concepción, Paraguay. El experimento realizado se utilizó un diseño de bloques completos al azar (DBCA), con esquema factorial (4 x 4), donde el factor A correspondió a dosis de nitrógeno (0, 35, 70 y 105 kg ha-1) y factor B momento de aplicación en estados fenológicos (V1, V3, V6 y V9), con tres repeticiones. Los datos obtenidos fueron evaluados estadísticamente por el Test F y las medias fueron comparadas por el test de Tukey al 5 %, además se realizó el análisis de regresión. Las determinaciones evaluadas fueron la altura de planta, altura de inserción de la mazorca, longitud de la mazorca, diámetro de la mazorca y el rendimiento de granos del maíz. El resultado de análisis en la altura de planta y altura de inserción de mazorca mostró significancia en la dosis de nitrógeno, las otras determinaciones se observaron interacciones entre los factores y se ajustaron a una ecuación cuadrática. La combinación de las dosis de N con diferentes estados fenológicos aumenta de manera significativa el rendimiento del maíz.
In order to identify combinations of effective preemergent herbicides for weeds in sugarcane, an experiment was conducted at the Agricultural School of Concepción; Concepción, Paraguay. The experimental model was subdivided plots, with two factors: A 1 without herbicide for broadleaf weeds, A 2 diuron (dose 3 t ha-1), A 3 atrazine (dose 4 kg ha-1), A 4 sulfentrazone (dose 1.2 t ha-1) and B 1 without herbicide for weeds, B 2 trifluralin (dose 3 l ha-1), B 3 acetochlor (dose 1 l ha-1), forming twelve treatments with three repetitions. They were applied in preemergence, where the evaluations were from 20 to 41 days after application (DDA), for: degree of control, residual effect and control of predominant weeds. The combination of diuron and acetochlor, produced high weed control (more 90% up to 41 days DDA), being superior to the other treatments. Sida spp was better controlled with diuron; whereas Mollugo verticillata was effectively controlled with most combinations; Ipomoea nil was more sensitive to sulfentrazone, while; Cenchrus echinatus was effectively controlled, with the combination of diuron plus acetochlor. It is concluded that with the combination of diuron and acetochlor, a large variety of weeds was controlled and the highest residual effect was recorded. In addition, atrazine combined with graminicides (trifluralin or acetochlor) or diuron with acetochlor, provided total control of weeds. It is recommended: for Sida spp. diuron with acetochlor or atrazine. For Mollugo verticillata, sulfentrazone alone or combined with graminicides. Ipomoea nil, sulfentrazone. Cenchrus echinatus, diuron and acetochlor combined.
This research conducted in the District of Concepción, Concepción Department, Paraguay, involved the use of a randomized complete block design consisting of four treatments and five repetitions. The general objective was to evaluate the effect of Cajanus cajan L. species with different planting densities on soil compaction and as specific objectives; measure the compaction of the soil at the beginning and end of the crop cycle, determine the soil moisture percentage as well as the root development of the species at the end of the crop cycle. The data obtained were subjected to analysis of variance (ANOVA) and the means compared through the Tukey test at 5%. Determinations of resistance to soil penetration before the crop establishment and at the end of the crop cycle were not influenced positively; except at 20 cm of density that showed difference at the end of the cycle, the soil moisture percentage was not significant and for root development highly significant differences were found. As regards the soil compaction, it was found that the biological material used with different planting densities had positive effects in the compaction of the soil. Thus, the recommended density is 114,284 plants per hectare.
Corn is a crop of high productive potential, but to achieve this, it is essential to apply production technologies, especially fertilizers with a high level of nitrogen. The objective of this work was to evaluate the influence of nitrogen fertilizer in different phenological stages on corn production. The experiment was installed in the experimental plot of the
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